Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nyscte115 Exam
Social Studies
| Native American Tribes: | Arctic, Subarctic, The northeast, The southeast, The Plains, The Southwest, California, Great Basin, Northwest Coast and the Plateau |
| Arctic- | The eskimo, Aleut, Yupik and Inuit were foragers, they fished and hunt caribou. Their bands were small and they lived in dome houses of timber and fur, they had storytelling traditions of rich folklore |
| Subarctic- | The beaver and cree natives of Alaska, Canada and Northern USA lived in small dugouts or lean-to's, they wore fur and their kinship traded with other bands. |
| The Northeast- | Algonquian language spoke by the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora and Onondaga. They lived in heavily forested areas with rivers and lakes in small villages doing horticulture. They also did network trade and had alliances( Iroquois confederacy) |
| The Southwest- | Arid rainy desert home of the nomadic Navajo, Comanche and Apache whom lived in thatched houses were best known for handicrafts, textiles and sand painting |
| The Plains- Great Plains | Flat short grasses home to the Arapaho, Cheyanne, Iowa, Wichita and Jumbo who were foragers living in Teepees and rode horses. They were best known for Sun Dance Rituals and the use of leather clothing and feather headdresses. |
| The Southeast- | Five Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole. They lived in warm regions with a complex and large population. They had the 3 sister crops |
| Three sister crops: | Beans, Squash and corn |
| Iroquois Confederacy: | A powerful group of tribes that did warfare and trade. Lived in wingmam's or longhouses made of wood and bark or animal pelts |
| Californian Tribes- | Diverses ecosystem of about 20 language families lived the Tamien nation, Yuki and Yokuts |
| Great Basin Tribes- | Lived in brush houses- shoshone- did rock art carvings and drawings |
| The Northwest Coast- | Large towns, over 100 people, Chinook, Tillamook and cascades known for Totem poles |
| The Plateau- | Hunters and gathers in the mountains, Hills, gorges and plateaus lived the Tenino confederated tripes of warm springs |
| John Adams: | Influenced the Iroquois Confederacy and the Iroquois model of government was a foundation for our own constitution |
| Christoper Columbus- Sailed 3 caravel ships the largest being Santa Maria | Italian explorer whom set out for Southeast Asia but landed in the Bahamas/ Caribbean sea, finding millions of natives already there and viking exploration. Within the next 100 years European explorers from Spain, England, Portugal and Netherlands came. |
| Columbian exchange: | Brought by new explorers from all over came the exchange of food, disease and people. |
| Exploration and Colonization between 15th to 18th Century: | 3 factors: Economic opportunities ( resources and trade) Religious Freedom Geopolitical competitions (expansion and social motivation) |
| First colonies: | Jamestown, Virginia (English settlement) Massachusetts Bay (self- sufficient, religious, dealt with lots of problems but was resilient)/ |
| Causes for European exploration: | -New trade routes to China and India instead of long journeys over the Silk Road. - Technological advancements in naval navigation such as AMC - Due to renaissance, europeans were interested in foreign cultures and wanted to explore new goods/ideas. |
| Astrolabe Magnetic Compass (AMC): | Allowed for longer navigation across the Atlantic |
| Cabeza de Vaca: | - 90 members got stranded on Galveston Islands during a Spanish expedition in 1528 set for North America -Received help from the Karankawa tribe through winter but only 15 survived - Goal was to get to Mexico City then home |
| "La Relacion y Comentarios" | After Cabeza de Vaca's 15 year long experience he wrote a book about his travels, natives and their way of life |
| Alonso Alvarez de Pineda: | First European to discover the Mississippi River and the first known map of the Gulf of Mexico. |
| Rene- Rober Cawelier Sieur de la Salle: | One of the first to navigate Ohio river and other rivers. He also expanded land for New France, coining the name Louisiana. |
| Francisco Vasquez de Coronando: | Was a traveller focused on riches and ruined the Zunis natives, he spread christian faith in the new world and concurred northern Spanish empire in Mexico. |
| The Great Awakening: | Religious revival movement help spread Protestantism through American colonies in 1730's and 1740's. |
| Spanish Mission System: | Father Francisco Hidalgo founded missions in east Texas and father Damien Massenet who took 5 priests into Spain to establish missions for colonies and wanted to bring natives in city walls to learn Christianity but the were not interested and it failed |
| The new world: | The americas (north, south and the Caribbean) |
| European colonies in North America; | Jamestown colony in Virginia was the first permanent European settlement in North America then the French followed with Quebec, Plymouth company, Massachusetts, The company of New France, and the dutch west India company. |
| Generall Historie of Virginia: | Published in 1624 an expert from captain John smith, talking about his miserable experience and life in the early colonies and how hard it was. |
| Puritan Pilgrams: | Founded the Plymouth colony and created the mayflower compact as well as experienced religious persecution in England. |
| Mayflower Compact: | First document that gave colonists the right to self- governance. It provides a set of rules and guidelines for how the colony would organize and work together. It included a loyalty to clause to king James but allowed colonists to make local laws. |
| The Virginia House of Burgesses: | Was formed to work with the crown of England. They were struggling and created a general assembly. |
| Bicameral Legislature: | Governors council and burgesses were separate and eventually the house of burgesses supported the resistance to the crown and dissolved in 1774. The first bicameral legislature adopted in the US constitution/ first representative body in North America. |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: | - Included a preamble and II orders because Connecticut lacked a formal government - Was ideas of annual election, secret ballot, office rotations and liberty of speech. |
| European diseases: | There was lots of labour shortages and Spanish tried to enslave millions of natives but many died of European diseases like smallpox and the flu. |
| James Olegthorpe: | Worked to promote prison reform and religious tolerance. He founded the colony of Georgia in 1732 as a place for debtors to start a new as well as buffer against Spanish Florida. |
| William Bradford: | Came on the Mayflower and became governor of Plymouth. |
| Roger williams: | Founded the colony of rhode island. He was a puritan minister famous for advocating religious freedom, separation from church and state. |
| Anne Hutchinson: | A Puritan woman who said god spoke to individuals. she was cut from the church and her trial fuelled debated about freedom and rights. |
| William Penn | Signed a treaty with the Lenape tribe, establishing peace with natives. he was an English quaker who founded Pennsylvania with land granted by kind Charles II. |
| New England Colonies: | Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Connecticut Ships, livestock, fishing, fur, rum, influenced by puritans |
| Middle Colonies: | NY, Pennsylvania, Deleware, New Jersey Agriculture, iron, grain, manufactured goods |
| Southern Colonies: | Virginia, maryland, the Carolinas, Georgia Plantation, cash crops, grain, rice, tobacco, sugar, slavery |
| The Triangular Trade: | Trade routes developed during the colonial era connected Europe, Africa & the americas. It played a great role on shaping colonial economies but also had losing effects on people/societies of Africa as they traded goods for slaves, guns, textiles & rum. |
| Transatlantic Slave trade: | Millions of africans were sold in the americas, creating political instability and social unrest, reducing population meant less agriculture and industrial production. |
| The American Revolution: | A war between the thirteen colonies and King George III of England. |
| Causes of the American Revolution: | Patriots(wanted independence) and loyalists(loyal to the crown) fought in small fights for years leading up to this. After 10 years of fighting with the help of the French the patriots prevailed and the colonies won their independence. |
| French and Indian War: | -A 7 year war where Britain gained Canada from French and Florida from Spain. -Colonists had to pay new taxes to pay for the war - Settlement opportunities opened to Mississippi river. |
| Stamp Act: | - British began to impose tax on all paper documents in the colonies to pay for the French and Indian war. - Colonists argued taxation without representation. -Violators were prosecuted by a jury-less trial. |
| Townshend Acts: | -Colonists began producing their own goods, reducing British imports. - British taxed goods imported to the colonies that were hard to produce ex. tea -Colonists again argued taxation without representation |
| Tea Act: | Tax to bail out the failing East India Company, Britain gave the company monopoly on all tea sales and colonists began to boycott tea. |
| Boston Tea Party: | In act of rebellion the sons of liberty dumped hundreds of pounds of tea imported by the east India company into the Boston harbour. |
| Boston Massacre: | Riot started between the British soldiers and the colonists, resulting in death of Cyrispus Attucks who became the martyr of the revolution. The colonists were growing relentless. |
| Intolerable Act: | - The Boston harbour was closed until tea party debt was payed -restricted democrat town council meetings - British officials were immune to criminal prosecution -established the quartering act |
| Thomas Paine: | Jan 10th 1776 an English- American political activist anonymously published a pamphlet called "common sense". It argued the colonies should declare independence. It sold over 500,000 copies and inspired colonists to support the idea of independence. |
| July 4th 1776: | American colonists officially declared independence from great Britain with a letter written by Thomas Jefferson and revised by John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. |
| The letter: | The continental congress approved the declaration of independence & the letter was sent to king George III. Britain tried to dismiss the letter but it was this document that launched the revolutionary war. |
| The declaration of independence: | Set the stage for some of the principles of the U.S. constitution. |
| Lexington and concord "shot heard around the world"- | April 19th 1775 the war officially broke out in Massachusetts. The colonists who had been preparing for war (minute men) rallied and news spread of formation of a continental army. |
| Battle of Bunker Hill: | June 17th 1775 was the first major battle of the revolutionary war and even though the solders for the continents army were inexperienced they were able to hold off the British for over 2 hours. |
| Battle of Saratoga: | Oct 1777- This was a huge loss to the British, as this battle helped ambassadors in France convince the French monarchy to support the patriot cause. |
| The Delaware River: | Winter 1776- 1777 General George Washington crosses the Delaware river to surprise British troops, thus winning several battles northward towards jersey. |
| Valley Forge: | Winter 1777-1778 Washington spent the winter months at valley forge to properly train his troops in order to strategize and prepare for a French alliance. |
| France enters the war: | Feb 1781- France enters the war on the side of the patriots, providing much needed aid in war. |
| Battle of Yorktown: | October 1781 French and American troops trap and defeat General Corn Wallis troops; this battle signifies the end of the American revolution. |
| Treaty of Paris: | September 3rd 1783- officially ended the revolutionary war, and England officially recognizes America as an independent nation. |
| Battle of Long Island: | August 27th 1776 was "the battle of Brooklyn". The British forces led by general William howe defeated the American continental army commanded by general George Washington. It was a significant early victory for the British. |
| Siege of fort Ticonderoga: | July 1777 was a key fortification on northern New York, led by the British, general John burgoyne captured the fort from the Americans during this campaign. |
| Battle of Oriskany: | Aug 6th 1777 in central Ny was the battle of oriskany. This battle was part of the Saratoga campaign. American militia led by General Nicholas Herkimer clashed with British and loyalist forces. |
| Battle of Stony Point: July 16th 1779: | Located on the Hudson River the battle of stony point was a strategic position, allowing general Anthony Wayne a successful night assault on the British held fort, capturing it from them. |
| Wealthy colonists: | -Assert political power - Protect THEIR economic interests -Claimed to be patriots and leaders of the cause for independence - Officers in the continental army -Donated money to war efforts -Helped create new stage government after war |
| Enslaved africans: | Slaves thought the revolution meant freedom but the owners made slaves fight with patriots and still help them in bondage. |
| Benjamin Banneker: | A free African American corresponded with Thomas Jefferson in 1791 about slavery/inequality. He criticized Jeffersons stance on slavery in his letter calling for an end saying "all men are created equal". Jefferson responded but did not take any action. |
| Natives stance: | -Many were neutral or sided with Britain - US did not respect native sovereignty or rights - They were decimated by disease, warfare and relocation |
| Women: | Women ste[[ed up during the war; nursing, farming, businesses |
| Abigail Adams: | Wife of second president John Adams advocated for womens rights at this time stating "remember the ladies" |
| Formation of US constitution: | After defeating the British in the revolutionary war (American revolution) the founding fathers had to create a whole new government so they came up with the articles of confederation. |
| Congress of the Confederation- | Each state gets one vote in the congress, and can send 2-7 people to participate in congress. |
| Committee of states- | The committee of states could act for congress of confederation when congress was not working. |
| Failure of articles of confederation: | Started with federalists and anti-federalists |
| Federalists: | Wanted a strong federal government and said that the articles of confederation was week and they wanted not bill of rights. ex. George Washington, John Adams, Alexander hamilton |
| Anti-Federalists: | People who feared a federal government and preferred the states to have more power. They wanted a bill of rights Ex. Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams, James Monroe |
| Federalist Papers: | Alexander hamilton, james madison and john jay anonymously published 85 essays about how the new government should operate. |
| The Philadelphia convention of 1787: | 55 delegates from the different states came together in may 1787 in Philadelphia Pennsylvania to draft a new constitution. |
| George Washington: | Nations first president. Presiding over the Philadelphia convention, federalists and anti-federalists came to a head over whether more power should rest with central government or state governments. |
| Great Compromise: | -Established a bicameral congress -Every senate has 2 senators regardless of the size -Representation in the house of representation IS based on size |
| Three-fifths compromise: | The south had lots of slaves and the north was not considering them as people who a conclusion was said that 3/5 of slaves would count as people and be represented in house. |
| Electoral college: | The college was responsible for selecting the president of the USA and only white males who owned property could vote at this time. |
| The U.S constitution: | Debate of federalists and anti-federalists led to the Bill of Rights. The conclusion was the U.S. Constitution outlining checks/ balances and three branches of government. 1790 the constitution was officially ratified and the bill of rights followed. |
| 7 principals outlined in the constitution: | 1. Popular sovereignty 2. Republicanism 3. Separation of powers 4. Checks & Blanches 5. Federalism 6. Separation of churches & states 7. Individual rights |
| Popular sovereignty: | Places and people are the centre of power rather than a monarchy. |
| Majorirtanarism: | The idea that majority should always win is a strong American belief. |
| Republicanism: | People who hold government and elect leaders to act in the government. The majority of people are representing a minority's rights. |
| Separation of powers: | 3 branches of government. |
| Legislative branch- | The legislative branch is the most powerful and is separated into the house of representatives and the senate. |
| Executive branch- | President Vice president Cabinet |
| Judicial branch- | Supreme Court Other federal courts |
| Checks and balances: | Creates shared power across branches of government the checks and balances were established to prohibit one branch of too much power. |
| Federalism: | A federalist system wanted a more unified nation, they wanted to divide power between nation and state governments and be uncharge of defence, taxation and trade. |
| State governments: | - Local issues - education -police -lisencing -state economy |
| Separation of the church and state: | The first amendment of the constitution states "congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exceercise therefor". |
| Establishing clause: | The opening line known as the establishment clause prohibits the goverment from favouring or choosing one religion. The second clause is free- exercise clause, meaning government has to allow everyone the right to practise their own religion. |
| Individual rights: | The 10 amendments fell into 3 categories; expression, governments and police powers and federal power of the states and people. |
| Protection of the freedom of expression: | - speech - press - petition - religion |
| Protections from the federal governments police powers: | - laws - defence -council -trial -jury -bail |
| Protections limiting federal power of the states and people: | Need of state |
| State constitutions: | States were allowed to draft their own constitutions. |
| Sam Adams: | A politician and a founding father, he is best known for his role in organizing and promoting the Boston tea party. He also helped draft the Massachusetts constitution, which was a model for other states. He also became governor for Massachusetts. |
| Early years of USA witnessed: | Changing policies of first presidents, American expansion and emerging technologies. |
| Establishment of Judicial Review: | The Supreme Court case of Marbury v Madison 1803 was a landmark case established the Supreme Courts ability to judicial review. President John Adams appointed John Marshall chief justice of Supreme Court and his first case was Marbury v Madison. |
| William Marbury: | Believed his commission to be a justice of people was withheld by James Madison. In return Marbury sued and chief Marshall sided with Marbury, resulting in Supreme Court having the power to overturn decisions made by congress (judicial review). |
| Judicial review: | Courts make sure decisions of administration are fair, reasonable and lawful. |
| The Alien and sedation acts: | During John Adams presidency in 1798 the preparation for the war with France the laws put stricter restrictions on foreign born citizens. Also illegal to speak against American government, laws targeted democratic- republicans who sided with aliens. |
| The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions: | Political statements in 1798/1799 written by Madison and Jefferson in response to the alien and sedation acts passed by federalist- controlled congress, saying they overstepped and helped lay the ground work for the doctrine of nullification. |
| Nullification proclamation: | States and municipalities are forbidden to nullify federal laws, showing federal government was supreme and Jackson was willing to use military to show it. |
| The XYZ Affair: | A political incident that resulted in an undeclared quasi-war with France. After the US declared neutrality rather than supporting French Revolution, president Adams sent John Marshall & team to smooth things over but he continued to push congress for war |
| Jefferson Republicanism: | - philosophy and practises of Thomas Jefferson - principals of individual liberty, limited government and agrarianism - strict interpretation on constitution & intervention - belief in states rights & common people in politics - less spending & debt |
| The war of 1812: | The war of 1812 occurred under president John Madison and was fought between USA and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815. |
| Primary causes of the war of 1812; | - British impressment of American sailors - British support of Native American tribes in the west - Desire of American expansionists to annex Canada. |
| Key Battles from the war of 1812: | - American naval victories at Lake Erie and lake Champlain - British burning D.C. - American victory at battle of Baltimore - Battle of New Orleans and treaty of Ghent was signed before news spread to combatants |
| The Panic of 1819: | Financial crisis in USA affecting agriculture sector and western states, there was a decrease in demand for USA goods overseas leading to a fall in prices and profits. Banks increased loans then banks went bankrupt. |
| Land Act of 1820: | President James Monroe passed tariffs as well as land act of 1820 allowing settlers to purchase land. Leading to development of new economies, policies, ideas and beliefs. |
| Laissez- Faire Capitalism: | No government, market and forces only. |
| The depression: | The panic resulted in a depression that lasted until mid 1820's, promoting Americans to look west and look for better banks and economy. |
| The Monroe doctrine: | President James Monroe's views on American foreign policy, releasing a statement saying that the USA would not interfere in European wars and no longer tolerate colonization from the west. |
| The panic of 1837: | Martin Van Buren was president of USA when financial crisis began and spread to Britain resulting again in closure of banks of United States. |
| Early years: | The early years of USA as a new republic saw the changing policies of the first presidents and beginning of sectionalism. |
| Age of Jackson: | Andrew Jackson the 7th president, a common man from Nashville became Jacksonian democracy. The democratic followed him and the republicans or wigs opposed him. He's known for native policies, banking policies, nullification proclamation and male suffrage |
| The second bank of USA: | McCulloch v Maryland Supreme Court case chief justice John Marshall ruled congress to create a national bank under necessary and proper clause. President Jackson used his Neto power and opposed declaring it unconstitutional. |
| Native American removal: | Jackson signed the Indian removal act to leave ancestral lands in the southeast and go west of Mississippi River. This was open fertile land to whites, expand cotton (especially Georgie) and cause great suffering to the 5 civilized tribes. |
| Five Civilized Tribes: | Cherokee cree chickasaw seminole choctaw |
| Expanded suffrage: | Jackson believed that voting rights should be extended to all white men that they no longer just had to own property or pay a poll tax to vote. |
| Jackson: | Jackson used Native American policies, federal banking policies and the nullification proclamation and universal male suffrage. |
| Artist William Blake (1796): | Had a goal to end slavery, depicted art portraying independence of the three continents in the Atlantic world. (north and South American and Africa). Gold armbands meant subjugation and tobacco for slavery. |
| Major cultural centres in Mesoamerica and South America: | The extent of major civilizations in western hemisphere were mesoamerica like olmec, aztec, Maya. In South America, early civilizations of Inca developed along the coast. |
| Inca: | No written language, used a system of knots and coloured strings call quipu, possessing a distinct meaning intelligible to those educated in their significance. |
| Pueblo: | Homes were in cliffs and would use robes and lasers to pull them in. Can still see these today in places like Arizona and Colorado. |
| El castillo: | Temple for the God Kukulkan in yucatan |
| Aztec: | Tenchitlan island city had causeways from city to surrounding land bringing tribute to the emperor. Their beliefs were to supply the Gods with human blood. |
| The Black Death: | People had images depicted of them dying of bodily swelling also known as buboes. |
| The spread of Islam: | In the seventh and eighth centuries islam spread across North Africa and into the Middle East and the religion arrived in Europe via Spain in 711 and remained there until catholic monarchs reconquered the last of muslim-held territory after a long war. |
| The African slave trade: | African slaves were bound for Brazil and carribean, while west africans made up the vast majority of the ensalved the east cost of Africa also supplied slaves for trade. Slaves were connected at the neck, brought them to North African coast then Europe. |
| Lettera delle isole novamente trovata by Giuliano Dati- | Words of the new world discovered by Columbus was translated into many different languages; Italian, German and latin, describing the wonders he had found. |
| Island of Hispaniola (present day Haiti and Dominican republic)- | Island had large ships, sea creatures, navigation, serving propaganda that demonstrated wealth and power, instilling fear of known dangers and promoting exploration and conquest for the new world as a wondrous/ripe place for European settlements/exploring |
| Development of Africa: | The African nationalist movement resulted in urbanization, moving from rural areas to urban centres. It struggled within borders due to imperialism, drought, war, limited access to trade ports so they relocated for improved transport network/urbanization |
| African nationalist movement: | The improved transport of Africans led to the concentration of population in mining centres, cash crops growing and processing areas and port cities. This in turn caused urbanization. |
| Mercantilism (bad) | mercantilism is an economic practice by which governments used their economies to augment state power at the expense of other countries. Governments sought to ensure that exports exceeded imports and to accumulate wealth |
| imperialism (bad) | imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. |
| Industrialization: | While industrialization helped development it also caused a lot of problems related to health, safety and bad working conditions. |
| The cantino world map: | A cartographers interpretation of the world in light of recent discoveries. This map shows Portuguese and Spanish exploration, two nations under treaty of tordesillas and a variety of flora, fauna, figures/structures showing evolving Europe in new world |
| The Coronado expedition 1540-1542: | Coronado's path through American southwest and Great Plains. The region's through which he traveled through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered they were populated and controlled by natives. |
| Defeat of the Iroquois: | A drawing showing Samuel de Champlain fighting on the side of the huron and alogonquins against the Iroquois, showing European exploration and settlement altered indigenous socitities by introducing weaponry, rivalry and conflict amongst tribes |
| Amsterdam: | Richest city in the world in the 1600's due to global trade and shipping. |
| Kingsborough codex: | Book written and drew by native mesoamericians. Shows Spanish abuses to natives. |
| John Smith's famous map of Virginia (1622): | This map illustrates many geopolitical features of early colonization. Powhatan who covered local confederation of the alogonquain communities. local chiefs. susquehannock showing English controlling land along Chesapeake. |
| Spanish fort of Castillo de san Marcos: | Helped Spanish colonists in st.augistine fend off marauding privateers from European countries. the plan and extant of map was only of new Amsterdam which is present day NYC & northeast wall (present wall street) |
| French and jesuit missionaries to NewFrance: | Kept detailed records of their interactions with and observations of the Algonquian and Iroquois that they converted to catholicism. |
| Port of Charles town: | Largest port in the south and played a significant tole on Atlantic slave trade. |
| NYC slaves: | In wake of series of fires throughout NYC rumours of a slave revolt led authorities to convict and execute thirty people including thirteen black men who were burned publicly at the stake. |
| The ancient civilizations development of government: | Systems of goverment were developed to regulating and directing the economic activities of the people as they worked in groups. This provided for a stable economic base from which they could trade and actually had something worth providing defense for. |
| Free enterprise | Free enterprise or capitalism is the economic system that promotes private ownership of land, capital, and business with minimal government interference. |
| “father” of modern economics | Adam Smith the “father” of modern economics. In the Wealth of Nations, he advocated for little or no government interference in the economy, claiming that individuals’ self-interest would bring about the public’s welfare. |
| Thomas Malthus was the English economist who had the idea that population growth would seriously affect a nation’s productive capabilities. | The idea that continued population growth would, in future years, seriously affect a nation’s productive capabilities |
| The idea or proposal for more equal division of profits among employers and workers | John Stuart Mill constantly advocated for political and social reforms, including a more equal division of profits among employers and workers. |
| John Maynard Keynes | advocated an economic system in which government regulations and spending on public works would stimulate the economy and lead to full employment. economic system of government regulations spending on public works leading to full employment. |
| Import quotas: | One method of trade restriction used by some nations is import quotas. The amounts of goods imported are regulated in an effort to protect domestic enterprise and limit foreign competition. |
| US economic system: | Profit (C), capital (A) and competition (D) all go together in the U.S. economic system. Competition is determined by market structure. Since the cost is not part it curves are the same for all the firms, the only difference comes from the revenue side |
| Economics: | The study of the ways in which different societies around the world deal with the problems of limited resources and unlimited needs and wants is a study of Economics. the law of supply and demand as fundamental to the study of the economy. |
| Macro economy sectors: | Consumer, business and foreign sectors |
| The power of taxation and borrowing: | In the United States government, the power of taxation is concurrent or shared with the states. An example of this is the separation of state and federal income tax and the separate filings of tax returns for each. |
| United States government power of coining money | In the United States government, the power of coining money is delegated or expressed. Therefore, only the United States government may coin money, the states may not coin money for themselves. |
| Federal Trade Commission | ederal Trade Commission or FTC handles federal investigations into business activities. The establishment of the FTC in 1915 as an independent government agency was done so as to assure fair and free competition among businesses. |
| The Department of Treasury | established in 1789, is an executive government agency that is responsible for advising the president on fiscal policy. |
| The American labor union movement | The American Labor Union movement had been around since the late 18th and early 19th centuries, though it remained ineffective until after the Civil War. NLU was formed, workday issues and new policies of immigration. rise of Knights of Labor |
| Interest rates: | Contractionary monetary and fiscal (raising interest rates) used to slow an economy that is expanding too quickly. Expansionary monetary and fiscal policies (lowering interest rates) are used to stimulate a sluggish economy to eliminate unemployment. |
| Economic mobility: | the ability of factors, particularly labor (C) to move around the country in response to employment opportunities. |
| Direct democracy is not in USA | direct democracy as their leaders were elected directly by the citizens and the citizens themselves were given voice in government |
| USA elections | Elected representatives in the United States as in the case of the presidential elections are actually elected by an electoral college that is supposed to be representative of the citizens. |
| indirect democracy | The United States Congress, the Senate, and the House of Representatives are also examples of indirect democracy as they represent the citizens in the legislature as opposed to having citizens represent themselves. |
| USA health and unemployment insurance | is dependable on state governments |
| Liberalism: | A political philosophy favoring or supporting rapid social changes in order to correct social and economic inequalities. started with the great French philosophers Montesquieu and Rousseau |
| John Locke | “life, liberty, and property.” Of all the thinkers who influenced the Founders, it was Locke whose ideas were most emulated in the Constitution. Two Treatises of Government book. |
| Two Treatises of Government by John Locke: | founding document on the rights of people to rebel against an unjust government, was an important figure in the founding of the US Constitution and on general politics of the American Colonies. |
| Montinesque and Rosseau: | political philosophers who explored the idea of what has come to be known as liberalism. They pushed the idea that through understanding the interconnectedness of economics, geography, climate and psychology that changes could be made to improve life. |
| St. Thomas Aquinas | merged Aristotelian ideas with Christianity, who helped lay the ideas of modern constitutionalism and the limiting of government by law. |
| Magna Carta: | the basis of English constitution liberties. It was granted to a representative group of English barons and nobles on June 15, 1215 by the British King John, after they had forced it on him. |
| Supreme Court can block laws that may be unconstitutional from being enacted | Judicial review is the term that best describes how the Supreme Court can block laws that they deem as unconstitutional as set forth in Marbury vs Madison. |
| “exclusionary rule” | is a reference to the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution and says that evidence gathered in an illegal manner or search must be thrown out and excluded from evidence. |
| The will of the people: | The source of authority for national, state, and local governments in US is the will of the people. The US Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and written laws of land are important for authority, they can be changed by the will of the people. |
| Restrictions on voter registration: | Both poll taxes (B) and literacy tests (D) were restrictions put in place to limit voter registration, specifically black voters in the South prior to the Civil Rights Movement. |
| motor voter acts | Motor-Voter acts (A) are designed to encourage voter participation by allowing people to register to vote when they get their driver’s license. |
| Exit polls | are samplings of voters after they have voted and have nothing to do with registration |
| Spectrum of American politics | Moderates - middle liberals- left conservatives- right socialists- left |
| NSC | The National Security Council or NSC (A) advises the President on all manner of foreign affairs, and the NSC Advisor occupies a cabinet-level post. |
| marshall plan | After 1945, social and economic chaos continued in Western Europe, especially in Germany. Secretary of State George C. Marshall came to realize that the U.S. had serious problems and to assist in the recovery |
| The Truman Doctrine | offered military aid to those countries that were in danger of communist upheaval. |
Created by:
dmpg29
Popular Social Studies sets