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Social Studies ww2
social studies ww2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Blitzkreig | ”lightning war” in German, the strategy during WW2 of attacking faster than their supply lines and support, utilizing fast, concentrated, and mechanized force. |
| Luftwaffe | German air force |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan |
| Allied Powers | Main/Big 3: United States, Britain, Soviet Union. Republic of China and France are other allied powers. |
| Invasion of Poland | Start of WW2, September 1, 1939 |
| Battle of Britain | German planes tried to bomb Britain, but failed due to the Royal Air Force shooting down more than 2,000 planes |
| Bombing of Pearl Harbor | December 7, 1941 |
| Government efforts to curb inflation and consumption | strict price controls, nationwide rationing, increased taxation, and wage freezes |
| Double V Campaign | campaign in which Black leaders called for all citizens to fight against racism by seeking a "double victory"—a victory for democracy at home and abroad |
| Tuskegee Airmen | a group of Army Air Corps pilots and support crews, established in 1941 as the first Black combat unit |
| Executive Order 9066 | an executive order issued by FDR in 1942 allowing internment camps to be set up to exclude current residents believed to be a threat to security |
| Internment Camps | a center for confining people who have been relocated for reasons of national security |
| Korematsu v United States | the 1944 Supreme Court decision declaring that the government had the right to keep Japanese Americans in internment camps |
| Role of women on the home front | Would work in industrial jobs because men were fighting on the frontlines |
| Zoot Suit Riots | racial clashes in Los Angeles in 1943 between mobs of sailors and marines and Mexican American youths who wore zoot suits |
| Role of citizens in helping war effort | Helped ration and work in war industries |
| Adolf Hitler | German dictator 1933-1945 |
| Joseph Goebbels | German politician and philologist who was the Reich Minister of Propaganda |
| Anti-Semitic Propaganda | Propaganda against the Jews made by Nazi Germany |
| Kristallnacht | Night of the Broken Glass |
| The Jewish Question | The question of how to remove Jews from Nazi Germany |
| Final Solution | The process of exterminating the Jews (holocaust) |
| Wannsee Conference | Conference on how to efficiently do the holocaust |
| Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Largest 1943 jewish revolt against Nazi Germany |
| Holocaust | The genocide of Jewish people |
| Genocide | deliberate, systematic destruction—in whole or in part—of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group |
| Kristallnacht | Night of the Broken Glass |
| The Jewish Question | The question of how to remove Jews from Nazi Germany |
| Final Solution | The process of exterminating the Jews (holocaust) |
| Wannsee Conference | Conference on how to efficiently do the holocaust |
| Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Largest 1943 jewish revolt against Nazi Germany |
| Holocaust | The genocide of Jewish people |
| Genocide | deliberate, systematic destruction—in whole or in part—of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group |
| North Africa Campaign | Struggle for control of African resources between allied and axis powers |
| Battle of Stalingrad | Deadliest battle in human history, turning point of the Eastern Front, soviets encircled German army and won |
| Battle of the Bulge | Last major German offensive in the Ardennes forest. |
| Theaters of War (name all) | European, Pacific, North African |
| Island Hopping | military tactic of bypassing heavily fortified islands to seize weaker ones |
| Erwin Rommel | Known as the “Desert Fox,” German general overseeing the North African campaign, the Atlantic Wall, and the Afrika Corps. |
| Atlantic Wall | Wall going from southernmost France to upper Norway to defend Germany from an Allied amphibious landing. |
| Rommel Asparagus | Tree trunks cut into spikes to scare paratroopers. Looked like asparagus. |
| Bernard Law Montgomery | British general |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | American general, later President |
| Dover, England | critical frontline town during World War II, "Hellfire Corner" |
| Operation Overlord/D-Day Invasion | June 6, 1944 |
| Beaches of Normandy | 5 segments of the 50-mile Normandy Beach used to coordinate D-Day. Utah: American VII Corps Omaha: American V Corps Gold: British XXX Corps Juno: Canadian Third Infantry Division Sword: British Third Infantry Division |
| Doolittle Raiders | First army bombing squad to launch out of an aircraft carrier. Reached Tokyo and was major morale boost |
| Douglas MacArthur | American army general in charge of the Pacific Theatre, |
| Bataan Death March | Forced transport by walking of American and Filipino POWs by Japan, very deadly |
| Battle of Midway | Major naval battle, American Victory |
| Battle of Iwo Jima | Very deadly battle in the Pacific Theater due to Japanese guerrilla tactics. |
| Battle of Okinawa | Last major battle between the US and Japan |
| Winston Churchill | PM of United Kingdom |
| Potsdam Conference | Conference between United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union to discuss peace in Europe after WW2 |
| Manhattan Project | Project to build a nuclear bomb in the United States |
| J. Robert Oppenheimer | Scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project |
| Leslie Groves | Military general in charge of the Manhattan Project |
| Harry S Truman | Vice President, became President after FDR died. Made the decision to drop nukes on Japan. |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | August 6 and August 9, 1945 |
| End of WW2 | September 2, 1945 |
| Start of WW2 | September 1, 1945 |
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