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US History Chapter 9
9.3 Sectional Conflict
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| popular sovereignty | the principle that a government’s power is created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the source of all political authority |
| Free Soil Party | political party formed by Conscience Whigs, northern Democrats, and abolitionists before the election of 1848 |
| Compromise of 1850 | an attempt to resolve the issue of slavery by 1. admitting California as a free state 2. abolish slavery in DC 3. creating fugitive slave law 4. protecting slavery DC 5. popular sovereignty in NM & Utah |
| Millard Fillmore | Vice President who backed the Compromise of 1850 |
| Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 | a federal law requiring all Americans, including those in free states, to assist in the capture and return of runaway slaves |
| Franklin Pierce | 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857 |
| Stephen A. Douglas | politician and lawyer who advocated for "popular sovereignty," arguing that residents of U.S. territories, rather than Congress, should decide whether to allow slavery |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | proposal in 1854 by Stephen A. Douglas to repeal the Missouri Compromise and allow popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska territories |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe |
| Know-Nothing Party | another name for the American party, a political party that wanted to reduce the influence of foreign-born voters and support native-born protestant candidates |
| Republican Party | political party formed in 1854 that included abolitionists and Free Soil Party members |
| James Buchanan | the 15th president of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861 |
| Bleeding Kansas | term describing the Kansas Territory during the violence between proslavery and antislavery |
| John Brown | Abolitionist from Connecticut, had 20 children |
| Dred Scott v. Sandford | supreme court decision which ruled that blacks were not citizens, a slave's residence in a free state or territory did not make him free, and that Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in a territory |
| Abraham Lincoln | House divided speech- was a republican |
| Lincoln-Douglas debates at Harpers Ferry | series of 7 debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas before the 1858 race for the US senate seat from Illinois |
| Harpers Ferry | Town in Virginia (now WV) that was the site of a federal arsenal which was raided by abolitionist John Brown and his followers in an unsuccessful attempt to begin a slave rebellion |
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