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11 SOR
Topic 2 - Sacred Texts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Canon (religion) | A community’s set of texts regarded as authoritative scripture. |
| Apocrypha (Catholic usage) | Seven Greek Jewish books included by Catholics alongside the Old Testament. |
| Scriptural revelation | The belief that some scripture contains direct divine words given to prophets. |
| Scriptural inspiration | The Holy Spirit guiding human authors to write divine truth. |
| Bible authority | God speaks through scripture; it is used for teaching and moral guidance. |
| New vs Old Testament authority | Many Christians give greater authority to the New Testament due to Jesus' teachings. |
| Who may read the Bible | Everyone is permitted to read the Bible with no restrictions. |
| Origin of the Old Testament | Oral traditions became written from ~1000 BCE then edited during the Babylonian Exile. |
| How texts become sacred | Through divine manifestation, imparting the sacred or association with something already sacred. |
| Attitudes to sacred texts | Some religions share texts freely while others restrict them. |
| What is a sacred text | A central scripture believed to be sacred or divinely inspired. |
| TaNaKh | Foundational Jewish scripture formed from multiple writings by ~450 BCE. |
| Torah formation | Oral history recorded during the Babylonian exile (~600 BCE). |
| TaNaKh authority | TaNaKh is divinely inspired and expresses God’s will; interpreted through the Talmud. |
| Talmud | Adds context and application to the TaNaKh’s teachings. |
| Qur’an | The literal Arabic word of Allah revealed to Muhammad over 23 years. |
| Islam: Revelation | Holy words delivered by an angel on Allah’s behalf to Muhammad. |
| Qur’an authority | Final revelation completing earlier scriptures; basis for Sharia and Hadith. |
| Hinduism: Shruti | “Heard” texts containing eternal truths; most authoritative. |
| Hinduism: Smriti | “Remembered” texts written by humans interpreting Vedic philosophy. |
| Shruti authority | Treated as revealed eternal knowledge foundational to philosophy. |
| Smriti authority | Shapes social norms |
| Buddhism: transmission | Teachings were not written during Buddha’s life; recorded centuries later. |
| Pali Canon | Standard Theravada scripture collection preserved in Pali. |
| Pali and Sanskrit | Two central languages for early Buddhist texts. |
| Dharma | The full set of Buddhist teachings on reality and right living. |
| Sangha | Community of monks and nuns preserving and practising the Dharma. |
| Pali Canon authority | Connects practitioners to earliest teachings and upheld through monastic tradition. |
| Aboriginal "Text": transmission | Oral tradition through story |