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Chapter 7
Friday
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Constitution? | A set of basic principles and laws that state the powers and duties of the government. |
| Republic? | A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives. |
| Suffrage? | Voting rights. |
| Limited government? | Everyone is accountable to the law and no one has total power. |
| Articles of Confederation? | Document that created the first central government of the United States (limited power). |
| Ratification? | Official approval. |
| Land ordinance of 1785? | Set up a system for surveying and dividing new territories. |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787? | Created a system for bringing new states into the union system. |
| What problems did the Articles of Confederation have? | It had problems protecting citizens and enforcing the terms of international treaties. |
| What three problems resulted from the Articles of Confederation (Foreign)? | 1. Spain closes the lower Mississippi to U.S. shipping. 2. Britain is slow to leave forts near Great Lakes. 3. Britain begins a trade war. |
| Tariffs? | Taxes on imports or exports. |
| Interstate Commerce? | Trade between two or more states. |
| Inflation? | Increased prices of goods and services combined with the reduced value of money. |
| Depression? | A period of low economic activity combined with a rise in unemployment. |
| Creditor? | People who lend money. |
| Debtor? | People who owe money. |
| When and where was the Constitutional Convention held? | May 1787 in Pennsylvania's state house, now known as Independence Hall. |
| What important four people attended the Constitutional Convention? | James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, and George Washington. |
| What was the Virginia Plan (James Madison)? | Large states have more representation. 3 branches of government (Executive, legislative, judicial) |
| What was the New Jersey Plan (William Patterson)? | Equal number of votes regardless of size. National government can tax and regulate trade. Acts passed by Congress are obeyed by states. |
| What does a Bicameral Legislature consist of? | An upper house with equal representation (senate) and a lower house with representation based on population (House of Rep). |
| Three-fifths compromise? | Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person when determining representation in the new national government (Slaves received no rights or votes). |
| Anti-federalists? | Opposed the constitution as proposed. |
| Federalist papers? | Essays that explained and defended the Constitution. |
| George Mason? | Refused to sign the Constitution citing its failure to forbid the importation of slaves or guarantee individual rights. |
| Bill of Rights? | Designed to prevent the federal government from infringing on the basic rights of the citizens and the states (enacted shortly after ratification). |
| Amendments? | Official changes, corrections or additions to the Constitution. |
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