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UNIT 4 Ancient China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe The North China Plains | Flat,Fertile land Good for grazing animals |
| Why are the North China Plains called " The Land of the Yellow Earth?" | The loess from the Gobi Desert make the land Fertile when the Huang He floods. |
| Why is the Huang He River yellow? | The loess from the Gobi gets blown into the river |
| What are the challenges of the Huang He River | Unexpected Flooding The climate - cold in the winter |
| What is one benefit of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley | Warm,Wet, humid climate good for growing rice year round |
| What is one challenge of living in the Chang Jiang River Valley | Not a lot of Fertile land for growing crops |
| How did they create Fertile land in the Chang Jiang River Valley | built terraces |
| Why is the Tibetan Plateau called " The Roof of the World" | It is 2 1/2 miles above sea level which makes the climate very cold |
| Why is there no Fertile land in the Tibetan Plateau | cold and dry , hard to grow crops made trade and travel difficult |
| What is the tallest mountain peak in the Himalayas | MT. Everest |
| What is one benefit of the Himalayas | Natural protection |
| What does Taklamakan mean? | " once you go in , you will not come out ' |
| How did the Taklamakan get it's name | sudden sand storms |
| How is the Gobi desert different from the Taklamakan | The Gobi Is made of small pebbles which are called loess ( silt ) which creates Fertile land |
| How is the Gobi desert connected to the Huang He / North China Plains | Loess from the Gobi desert covers the ground |
| What is the mandate of heaven | the right to rule given by the heavens |
| According to the Mandate of heaven , what did the Chinese owe their leader | complete loyalty and obedience |
| How do we know the Shang dynasty existed and was more than a myth | arechologists uncovered the ruins of Anyang in the Huang He River Valley which revealed many artifacts that supposed the existence of the Shang dynasty |
| How does bronze relate to the Shang Dynasty | 1st to discover bronze, which was made from mixing copper and tin to produce weapons |
| What was the purpose of the Oracle bones | used to communicate with ancestors since they believed they had the power to help or harm them |
| What led to the Downfall of the Shang Dynasty? List three reasons | - Fighting so many wars weakened the MIlitary and the Shang power. - Also the kings and nobles spent to much money on palaces , clothing and tombs -Kings spent more time hunting rather than ruling |
| Define Feudalism | A give and take relationship between the social classes that created law and order. |
| What did the Nobles provide to the King | Loyalty and military service |
| What did the king provide to the nobles | states/districts/land |
| what did the nobles provide to the peasants | protection |
| what did the peasants provide to the nobles | goods/crops |
| Why was feudalism created the Zhou dynasty | increased the stability of their rule |
| what led to the downfall of the Zhou dynasty | nobles fough the king for power of the dynasty nobles fighting wars against each other that weakened the dynasty |
| What question did the chinese ask at the end of the zhou dynasty | what is the best way for rulers/leaders to govern |
| why did the chinese develop confucianism, daoism, and legalism | they needed to find a way to govern that would be effective and awnser their question of the best way to govern |
| Describe the basic idea of confucianism | basic ideas: honest,fair , goodness rulers should : be fair and honest to create a peaceful society |
| Describe the basic idea of daoism | basic ideas : simple , natural lifestyle rulers should : be simple and peaceful |
| Describe the basic idea of legalism | basic ideas: harsh , strict laws rulers should : enforce laws with rewards for good behavior and harsh punishments for bad behavior |
| Which philosophy did the leader of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huang Di) follow? Why? | Emperor Qin Shihunagdi ruled using legalism beacuse it was a fast way to control the people in the civilization |
| What did Emperor Qin standardize and why was it important | Money ,weights and measures which made everything fair and equal |
| Why did they build the wallk of china | for protection from invaders from the North |
| Who opposed Emperor Qin's rule of the dynasty and why | The confucian scholars becausse he believed in legalism and it was the complete opposite of confucianism |
| Why did emperor Qin order the execution of 460 confucian scholars and the burning of books | he was afraid that they would feel confucianism is a better way to rule and they would challenge his authority. He burned the books because he didnt want people to learn about confucianism and wanted to rebel against legalism. |
| what is the purpose of the chain pump | transport water from river to fileds to irrigate crops |
| what is the purpose of the seismograph | detects earthquakes |
| what is the purpose of the kite | sent messages and scared enemies away |
| why is silk valuable | only the chinese knew how to produce it |
| which chinese philosophy was the best way to rule china during the Han dynasty | confucianism |
| What is the purpose of the civil servant exam | test that allowed people to get a goverment job if it was passed ( social mobillity ) |
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