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civics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| limited government | government power is restricted by laws and the Constitution. |
| republicanism | people elect representatives to make decisions and laws on their behalf |
| federalism | shared power between national and state governments. Each has its own responsibilities |
| checks and balances | each branch of government can limit the power of others. keeps one branch from becoming too powerful |
| separations of powers | government power is divided among 3 branches with each branch having its own duties |
| Legislative branch | congress, make laws |
| executive branch | president, enforce laws |
| Judicial branch | courts, interpret laws |
| popular sovereignty | government power comes from the people. citizens vote and have a voice |
| english common law | English laws based on court decisions and customs, which influenced American legal ideas, such as trial by duty |
| Constitution was a result of- | debates and compromises |
| debates | delegates disagreed about how much power the federal government should have and how states should be represented |
| the virginia plan | favored bi states by giving more votes to states with larger populations |
| the new jersey plan | gave all states equal power , no matter the size |
| great compromise | combined the two plans-congress would have two houses. one based on population(house of representatives and one with equal representation (senate) |
| three fifths compromise | how slaved would be counted for representation and taxes |
| federalists | supported the constitution |
| anti-federalists | worried it gave too much power to the federal government |
| bill of rights | was added to the front of the constitution to protect individual freedoms and convince anti-federalists to support it |
| due process | the government must follow fair procedures and laws before taking away someones life, liberty, or property |
| equal justice under the law | everyone must be treated fairly in court |
| equal protection | the laws must apply to all people |
| elections and representatives | citizens vote to choose leaders who represent their views |
| right to private property | people can own things and the government cant take it without a good reason and fair payment |
| rule of law | everyone, including leaders, must follow the law |
| supremacy clause | the constitution is the highest law in the land. if state and national laws conflict, national wins |
| separation of powers | repeated her to emphasize how government power is divided among branches to avoid abuse. |
| an amendment in the constitution must be approved by two thirds of both houses | |
| the virginia plan | favored bigger states by giving more votes to states with larger populations |
| the new jersey plan | gave all states equal power , no matter the size |
| great compromise | combined the two plans-congress would have two houses. one based on population(house of representatives and one with equal representation (senate) |
| three fifths compromise | how slaved would be counted for representation and taxes |
| federalists | supported the constitution |
| anti-federalists | worried it gave too much power to the federal government |
| bill of rights | was added to the front of the constitution to protect individual freedoms and convince anti-federalists to support it |
| due process | the government must follow fair procedures and laws before taking away someones life, liberty, or property |
| equal justice under the law | everyone must be treated fairly in court |
| equal protection | the laws must apply to all people |
| elections and representatives | citizens vote to choose leaders who represent their views |
| right to private property | people can own things and the government cant take it without a good reason and fair payment |
| rule of law | everyone, including leaders, must follow the law |
| supremacy clause | the constitution is the highest law in the land. if state and national laws conflict, national wins |
| separation of powers | repeated her to emphasize how government power is divided among branches to avoid abuse. |
| to add an amendment in the constitution it must be approved by- | two thirds of both houses of congress |
| to add an amendment it must be ratified by- | three fourths of state legislatures |
| to add an amendment to the virginia constitution it must be passed by- | general assembly (virginia's legislature) two times and then approved by Virginia voters in a general election |
| st |
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