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Unit 4. part II.
Fundamental Principles of American Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is Limited Government | Limited Government The government power is restricted by laws and the constitution. Leaders have to follow the rules just like everyone else. |
| what is Republicanism | the people elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on their behalf. |
| what is Federalism | power is shared between the national government and the state governments. Each has its own responsibilities |
| what is checks and balances | each branch of government ( legislative, executive, judicial) can limit the power of the others. This keeps any one branch from becoming to powerful |
| what is separation of powers | Government power is divided among the three branches with each branch having its own duties |
| what is separation of powers | Government power is divided among the three branches with each branch having its own duties |
| what is popular sovereignty | the power of government comes from the people. Citizens vote and have a voice in how they are governed |
| What helped shaped the U.S constitution and the constitution of Virginia | earlier documents and traditions |
| what is English common law | traditional English law based on court decisions and customs, which influenced American legal ideas like trial by jury |
| How did the U.S constitution get created | It happened with many debates and compromises |
| What is Debate | Delegates disagreed about how much power the federal government should have and how states should be represented |
| What is the New jersey plain | It gave all states equal power, no matter their size |
| what is the Virginia plain | It favored the bigger states by giving more voters to states with larger with larger populations |
| What is the great compromise | Combined the 2 plans, Congress would have 2 bases. 1 based on population ( house of representatives) and 1 with equal representation (senate) |
| what is three fifth compromise | it decides how the enslaved people would be counted for representation and taxes |
| what is federalists | federalists supported the Constitution |
| what did anti- federalism worry about | they worried it gave to much power to the federal govt. |
| What convinced Anti-Federalists to support the Constitution and how | The Bill of rights protected individual freedoms and convinced the Anti-Federalism to like the Constitution |
| What is due process | the government must follow fair procedures and laws before taking a persons life,Liberty, or property. |
| What is Equal Justice under the law | everyone must be treated fairly in court, no matter who they are. |
| what is Equal protection | the laws must apply to equally to all people |
| what is Elections and representative government | Citizens vote to choose leaders who represent their views |
| what is right to private property | people can own things, and the take their property without good reason and fair payment |
| what is supremacy clause | the U.S constitution is the highest law in the land. if state and national law conflicts, the national law wins. |
| what is separation of powers | repeated here to emphasize how government power is divided among branches to avoid abuse |
| What is the U.S constitution | An amendment must be approved by 2/3rds of both houses of Congress and then ratified by 3/4ths of state legislatures |
| what is the Virginia Constitution | an amendment must be passed by the General Assembly ( Virginias legislature) 2 times and then approved by Virginia voters in a general election |
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