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06 Interwar Years
Terms from US History Since 1877
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| American Indians | This group gained citizenship with an act in 1924 in large part from their contributions during WWI. |
| Glenn Curtiss | The first person to fly a publicly viewed flight. He also manufactured airplanes, built the largest fleet during WWI. |
| William Jennings Bryan | He helped prosecute John Scopes for the teaching of evolution during the Scopes "Monkey" Trial. |
| Clarence Darrow | He defended John Scopes during the Scopes "Monkey" Trial challenging William Jennings Bryan's testimony in 1925. |
| Eugenics | This policy led to the sterilization (preventing someone from reproducing) of over 64,000 Americans in order to keep the U.S. a superior race. It specifically targeted the mentally ill. |
| Flappers | This term was used to describe women who rejected traditional female clothing and behaviors exercising their independence, smoking in public and wearing shorter dresses. |
| Henry Ford | He was an engineer and early automobile manufacturer. His goal was to build an automobile that everyone could afford using an assembly line. |
| Harlem Renaissance | The term for the development of African-American art, literature and music. Key people included Langston Hughes, Alain Locke and Zora Neale Hurston. |
| Ku Klux Klan | The increasingly tense race relations in the country saw a resurgence of this group, formerly focused on restoring white supremacy in the south now included hostility towards immigrants and black Americans around the country. |
| Charles Lindberg | He became famous for the first non-stop flights across the Atlantic. |
| National Origin Act | This act established a maximum number of immigrants who could enter the U.S. from each country. Eastern and southern Europeans were discriminated against. |
| Nativism | The term for a dislike of foreigners. |
| Prohibition | This movement against the sale of alcohol resulted in a disrespect for the law and a rise in organized crime. |
| Red Scare | The term for the fear of Communists, anarchists and immigrants after the end of WWI. Led to Palmer Raids. |
| Return to Normalcy | The name for Warren Harding's plan that included reducing government intervention in the government, high tariffs and an isolationist foreign policy, basically rolling back Progressive Era changes. |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | The Secretary of the Interior under President Harding leased oil rich government lands to his friends in exchange for bribes. He was the first cabinet secretary to go to jail. |
| Tin Pan Alley | This section of New York city where musicians and song-writers formed the beginnings of American music including blues, jazz and ragtime. |
| Banks | By 1933 many of these closed due to the increase of people withdrawing their money. This crisis was one of the first to be addressed by FDR. |
| Court Packing Plan | FDR's proposal to allow the president to appoint an additional Justice for every member of the Supreme Court over 70, ideally replacing justices who were unfriendly to the New Deal. |
| Dust Bowl | This was the result of severe drought conditions and overgrazing and led to a mass exodus of farmers from the Great Plains. |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | This was created by FDR to oversee and protect bank deposits and prevent people from losing their savings if a bank fails as they did at the beginning of the Depression. |
| Great Plains | This region was affected by the Dust Bowl. Many left and headed to California in search of employment. |
| Hoovervilles | This is the term used to describe the make shift shanty-towns where many of the unemployed live, the name indicating the president they held responsible for the economic downturn. |
| Hundred Days | This the term referring to the initial part of FDR's presidency when he pushed through many of his programs including the Bank Holiday |
| New Deal | This program was created by FDR and consisted of Relief, Recovery and Reform. It focused on the Banking Crisis, unemployment and restoring the economy. |
| Okies | This is the term used to refer to the population that set out for California from the Great Plains after the Dust Bowl caused their farms to fail. |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | She was a First Lady and worked for social reform, supported youth employment, helped the poor and addressed the needs of women in her book Its Up to Women. |
| Securities and Exchange Commission | This government agency oversees the day to day operations in the stock market and prevent fraud. |
| Hawley Smoot | This tariff passed in 1930 was created to protect American business from foreign competition but actually drove the world into a deeper financial crisi. |
| Social Security | This program was part of the New Deal creating a pension for the retired, disabled and unemployed. It still exists today. |
| Stock Market Crash | Speculation and Buying on Margin caused this to crash in 1929 causing a chain reaction in the economy. |
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