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Vocab 4.4-4.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| physical geographic boundaries | natural barriers between areas like oceans, deserts, & mountains |
| cultural boundaries | divide people according to cultural divisions, like language, religion, & ethnicity |
| antecedent boundary | precedes the development of cultural landscapes, based on physical features, such as unpopulated oceans & landforms |
| subsequant boundary | created while a cultural landscape is evolving, ethnographic, often altered as a result of non-cultural developments |
| ethnographic | related to a cultural phenomena |
| superimposed boundary | drawn by outside powers, ignores existing cultural patterns, lack conformity to natural features |
| Berlin conference | meeting between European powers to discuss the dividing of Africa |
| landlocked states | states without territory connected to an ocean |
| relic boundary | a boundary that has been abandoned for political purposes |
| geometric boundary | a straight line or arc drawn by people that does not closely follow any physical features |
| consequent boundary | a type of subsequent boundary that takes already-existing cultural or physical landscapes into account |
| cultural consequent boundary | a border that takes cultural traits such as language or religion into account |
| physical consequent boundary | a division that uses already existing natural features like rivers or mountains to divide a territory |
| open boundary | an unguarded boundary with little to no political intervention |
| militarized boundary | a boundary that is heavily guarded & and discourages crossing |
| defined boundary | established by a legal document, divides one entity from another, can range from a country to a plot of land |
| delimited boundary | drawn on a map to show the limits of a space |
| demarcated boundary | a boundary identified by physical objects placed on a landscape |
| definitional boundary dispute | when two or more parties disagree over the interpretation of legal documents or maps of a boundary |
| location boundary dispute | dispute that centers around where a boundary should be placed |
| territorial dispute | another name for a location boundary dispute |
| irredentism | type of expansionism where one country seeks to annex territory where it has cultural ties to part of the population or historical claims to land |
| operational boundary dispute | centers around how a boundary functions; also called a functional dispute |
| functional dispute | another term or name for operational boundary dispute |
| allocational boundary dispute | happens when a boundary separates natural resources that may be used by both countries |
| resource dispute | another name for allocational boundary dispute |
| administered boundary | how a boundary will function, be maintained, and who and what will be allowed to cross it |
| controlled boundary | boundaries that have checkpoints where a passport or visa are required |
| exclaves | territories that are part of a state but are supersets from the main state by other counties |
| political enclaves | states, territories, or parts of a state that are completely surrounded by the territory of another state |
| Shatterbelt | A place located between two different and contentious regions |
| United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) | A law signed in 1973-1982 by 150 countries, has four defined zones |
| Territorial sea | area that extends up to 12 nautical miles of sovereignty, only allows commercial vessels to pass |
| contagious zone | zone where coastal states have limited sovereignty up to 24 nautical miles and can control customs, immigration, & sanitation |
| exclusive economic zone (EEZ) | zone where coastal states can explore, extract, and manage minerals & natural resources |
| high seas | water beyond any country’s EEZ that is open to all states |
| small island developing states (SIDS) | Islands that control 30 percent of all oceans and seas; EEZ’s are larger than the landmass |