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Topic 10
World History Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where did the Renaissance begin? | Italy |
| What was Italy made up of? | city-states |
| Why was Italy thriving? | trade |
| What was a focus of humanism? | language, philosophy, history, and poetry |
| What is the everyday language of people? | vernacular |
| frescoes | technique of painting on wet plaster |
| Who was the best known Christian Humanist? | Erasmus |
| Indulgence | pardon for sins to reduce time in purgatory during the afterlife; the Catholic church was selling these |
| Who started the Reformation? | Martin Luther |
| 95 Theses | protests against the Catholic Church and the selling of indulgences nailed to the door of the Wittenberg Church in Germany |
| What did Johannes Gutenberg invent? | printing press |
| What did the Peace of Augsburg do? | accepted the division of Christianity in Germany |
| Why did the Reformation take place in England? | for political and personal reasons, not religious; specifically so King Henry VIII could end his marriage to Catherine |
| How many wives did King Henry VIII have and how many did he have beheaded? | 6 wives, 2 beheaded |
| Milan | important Italian city ruled by the Visconti family which had huge revenue thanks to an efficient tax system |
| Venice | important Italian city officially ruled by an elected Doge but actually controlled by wealthy merchants |
| Florence | important Italian city controlled by the wealthy Medici family who commissioned many famous works of art |
| Rome | capital of the Papal States which was sacked in 1527 by spanish forces under Charles V |
| Machiavelli | author of The Prince, a handbook for politicians on being ruthless to maintain power |
| Leonardo da Vinci | a true Renaissance man who worked as a painter, sculptor, and inventor; he painted the Mona Lisa, the most famous painting of the Renaissance |
| Dante | author of the epic poem, The Divine Comedy, which follows Dante's journey in hell, purgatory, and heaven |
| Michelangelo | famous artist who created the Pieta, Creation of Man, and the Statue of David which considered the most famous state of the Renaissance |
| Raphael | famous for his series of Madonna paintings |
| How did Martin Luther's teachings differ from the Catholic church? | stressed good works could not earn salvation, rather through faith alone |
| What was the first Protestant faith? | Lutheranism |
| What did Calvinists believe in? | predestination - one's salvation or damnation is predetermined by God |
| What did Anabaptists believe in? | complete separation of church and state, adult baptism, and equality among all believers |
| How did the Catholic Church respond to the Reformation? | with the counter (or Catholic) reformation which included a reform of the papacy (office of the pope) |
| Jesuits | used education to spread the message of the Catholic Church and missions around the world |
| Queen Elizabeth | King Henry's second born daughter who became queen after the death of her half sister, Mary, as queen she revitalized England with exploration and colonization |
Created by:
ndouvier
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