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US History Unit 1&2
Colonization & American Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| French and Indian War (1754-1763) | British and French fought for control of the Ohio River Valley; colonists joined Britain in hopes of moving west if they won. |
| The Treaty of Paris (1763) | It gave Britain control over all of Canada and almost all of the U.S. Spain got control over the land west of the Mississippi |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Prohibited settlements west of Appalachian; restriction on colonial growth |
| Sugar Act (1764) | A tax on molasses which also put custom officials and custom courts in the colonies to persecute smugglers trying to evade paying the tax |
| Stamp Act (1765) | Stamps had to be bought and placed on most printed materials from newspapers to playing cards. Colonists boycott all British-made goods |
| Townshend Act (1767) | Impose new taxes custom duties on lead, paint, glass, paper, and tea; led to the Boston Massacre; all taxes were repealed except for tax on tea |
| Boston Massacre (1770) | The colonials disliked the British soldiers in the colonies. On March 4, 1770, a group of colonials started throwing rocks and snowballs at some British soldiers; the soldiers panicked and fired their muskets, killing colonials. This outraged the colonies and increased anti-British sentiment. |
| Tea Act (1773) | Lowered price of tea to try to save the British East India Company(sell more tea); made British East India into a monopoly; colonists resented this new act |
| First Continental Congress (1774) | All colonies, except for Georgia, meet to agree to boycott all British goods, establish new government to bypass the Crown; creates colonial unity against the British |
| Sons of Liberty | Organized protests and boycotts such as the Boston Tea Party. |
| Boston Tea Party | Sons of Liberty dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor; led to the Intolerable Acts |
| Intolerable Acts | After Boston Tea Party, Great Britain closed down Boston's port until tea was paid for, banned public meetings, quarter British soldiers, suspended local governments |
| Thomas Paine | Wrote "Common Sense" and believed that it was time for America to declare its independence from Great Britain |
| Battles of Lexington and Concord | The sites of the first battles of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775) |
| Second Continental Congress (1775) | After Lexington and Concord, congress established the continental army and made George Washington Commander in Chief |
| Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776) | Written by Thomas Jefferson, this document formally declared the colonies to be independent from Great Britain; natural rights: life, liberty, pursuit of happiness; John Locke |
| The Battle of Bunker Hill (1775) | The first major battle of the war; the colonists protected Breed's Hill as the British marched up to the attack. The colonists finally retreated when they ran out of ammunition; the British lost many soldiers. |
| Battle of Trenton (1776) | Washington crossed the Delaware River and launched a surprise attack on a group of Hessians the morning after Christmas |
| Battle of Saratoga (1777) | Turning point of the American Revolution. It was very important because it convinced the French to give the U.S. military support. |
| Valley Forge (1777-1778) | Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutriton, Baron Von Steuben comes and trains troops |
| Battle of Yorktown (1781) | Battle of Yorktown/British soldiers officially surrendered., Last major battle of the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay by the French fleet. He was sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. He surrendered October 19, 1781. |
| The Treaty of Paris (1783) | A peace agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary war and established British recognition of the independence of the US |
| Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought; Used during era of colonialism |
| Patriot | Colonist who rebelled against British rule and ultimately believed that the Colonies should govern themselves and become their own country. |
| Quartering of Soldiers | Unpopular British policy that made colonial Americans responsible for providing food and shelter for British soldiers; colonists resented having a standing army in America |
| George Washington | General of the Continental Army during Revolutionary War; first president of the US |
| Loyalist | A person who believed that the Colonies should remain a part of England |
| John Locke | English Philosopher who developed the "social contract" theory. His ideas influenced Jefferson and our Declaration of Independence. Believed government to be good if it protected your natural rights. |
| Triangular Trade | A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s | Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Mrs.Cole_CRCS
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