Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
US History - Unit 6
Big Business & Rise of Industry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Transcontinental Railroad | This was completed in 1869 and connected the East to the West. It led to better communication, trade and closing the frontier. |
| Corporation | A business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts |
| Monopoly | Complete control of a product or business by one person or group |
| Trust | A group of corporations run by a single board of directors |
| Entrepreneur | The owner or manager of a business enterprise who, by risk and initiative, attempts to make profits |
| Assembly Line | A manufacturing method in which a product is put together as it moves along a belt |
| Free Enterprise System | An economic system in which people are free to operate their businesses as they see fit, with little government interference. |
| Robber Barons | Negative term used to describe large businessmen of the late 1800's because of the fact that they used ruthless practices to destroy competition and took advantage of workers. |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | A law that made it illegal to create monopolies or trusts that restrained trade. First effort by the government to try and tame big business interests. |
| Collective Bargaining | Process by which a union representing a group of workers negotiates with management for a contract |
| Haymarket Riot | A demonstration of striking laborers in Chicago in 1886 that turned violent, killing a dozen people and injuring over a hundred. |
| Boycotts | To refuse to buy, use, or participate in (something) as a way of protesting |
| Tenements | Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived |
| Political Machines | Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities. A boss leads the machine and attempts to grab more votes for his party. |
| Nativism | A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones |
| Andrew Carnegie | Steel Monopolist Practiced philanthropy Believed in "Gospel of Wealth" philosophy |
| John D. Rockefeller | Oil Monopolist- formed Standard Oil Practiced philanthropy Became the richest man in the world |
| Thomas Edison | Invented the electric light bulb Founded General Electric Co. Had over 1000 inventions patented |
| Henry Bessemer | Perfected steel-making technology Allowed steel to be made cheaply Process invested in by Andrew Carnegie |
| Bessemer Process | Removed impurities from steel-making Produced a lighter, stronger, more flexible steel |
| Captain of Industry | Positive terminology as related to the wealthy. Suggested the rich benefited society by giving back through philanthropic behaviors |
| Philanthropy | Using one's wealth to give back to society. Examples include giving money for public goods like colleges, libraries and museums. |
| Social Darwinism | Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society -- the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. Used as an argument against social reforms to help the poor. |
| Laissez Faire | Idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs. Allowed for rapid growth of American businesses in mid to late 19th century. |
| Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) | The first federal regulatory agency, established by passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887 to regulate railroads. Created in response to abusive railroad practices like price gouging & discrimination. |
| Labor Union | An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members. |
| American Federation of Labor (AFL) | 1886 union founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better wages, 8 hour workday, better working conditions and closed shops (bread and butter issues). |
| Knights of Labor | First effort to create a National union (1860s). Unionized mostly unskilled labor. Sought better pay and conditions as well as promotion of other social issues (ending child labor). Eventually disbanded due to lack of goals and leadership. |
| Capitalism | An economic system based on private property and free enterprise. |
| Strike | An organized work stoppage intended to force an employer to address union demands. |
| Gilded Age | 1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor. |
| Spoils System | The system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power |
| Boss Tweed | A disgraced American politician who was convicted for stealing millions of dollars from New York City taxpayers through political corruption; head of Tammany Hall. |
| Lock Out | Action by an employer that closes a place of business in a labor dispute to force union members to meet its demands. |
| Assimilation | The process of adapting or adjusting to the culture of a group or nation, or the state of being so adapted |
| Urbanization | The social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban. |
| Pendleton Service Act | A law, enacted in 1883, that established a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to government jobs jobs by means of the merit system. |
| Americanization | This process was designed to make immigrants more "Americanized". It included learning to dress, speak, and act like other Americans. This was done through the schools. |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | This was the first (1882) to limit the immigration of a specific group. |
| Melting Pot | The mixing of cultures, ideas, and peoples that has changed the American nation. The United States, with its history of immigration, has often been called a melting pot. |
| Gospel of Wealth | This was written by Andrew Carnegie, encouraging philanthropy among wealthy industrialists, to use their money to give back to society. |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Mrs.Cole_CRCS
Popular U.S. History sets