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Italy problems (uni)
Italian problems post unification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name 5 problems facing Italy post unification | lack of national identity, catholic church, economic problems, social unrest, north vs south divide |
| what percentage of Italians spoke Italian post unification | 2 percent |
| what did non-Italian speaking Italians speak | local dialects |
| what did non-Italian speaking Italians speak | local dialects |
| why was a low literacy rate a problem for Italian unity | the Risorgimento couldn't be widely understood |
| what was the Risorgimento | literature detailing united Italy's culture and historic destiny |
| what did pope pious IX do post Italian unification | refuse to acknowledge the Italian state |
| why did pope pious refuse to akcnowledge the Italian state | he believed liberalism was anti-religious |
| what did the Italian government do in 1861 that affirmed pope's fear that liberalism = anti-religious | 1861 arrest 66 bishops for failing to seek king's permission to take up their post |
| how did pope pious respond to the arrest of 66 bishops in 1861 | 1864 pope condemns liberalism in Syllabus of errors |
| how does Italy respond to the syllabus of errors | 1866 dissolve 25000 religious orders + new law stating marriage in church is no longer legally recognised |
| what does the Italian state do to the catholic church in 1870 | occupy rome and destroy the papal states |
| what did liberals believe about hostility between Italy and the catholic church | feared catholic population would withold allegiance + catholic countries e.g. France + Austria would intervene |
| what did Italy do in 1871 to try and placate the catholic church | 1871 law of guarantees |
| term 1 of the law of guarantees | pope is exempt from arrest + taxation |
| term 2 of law of guarantees | pope can continue to occupy Rome and papal states but states would be owned by Italy |
| term 3 of law of guarantees | pope would recieve compensation for loss of papal states = 3.25 million lire a year |
| how did pope pious IX respond to the law of guarantees | he rejected it and issued a non expidat |
| non expidat | catholics should not legitamise the Italian state by voting or taking part in national elections |
| during what years was this non-expidat issued and re-issued | 1874,1881,1886 |
| why was the non expidat lifted | for catholics to vote against socialists in 1890s |
| what kind economy was italy | agrarian |
| what percentage of the country was reliant on the land for income | 68 percent |
| what was Italy's main crop | cereal |
| what was the issue with Italy's main crop | productivity was low |
| what is a statistic that proves that Italy's cereal producttivity was low | Italy produced 0.8 tonnes of cereal per hectare in the 1870s VS Uk produced 2.4 tonnes per hectare |
| what percentage of cereal produce was consumed by the farmers | 40 percent |
| what does the percetnage of cereal crop consumed by farmer's prove | much italian farming was substinance farming |
| what is one reason for italian industry being underdeveloped | italy was low on natural resources e.g. coal + iron |
| what did an italian shortage of natural resources lead to | a need for overseas colonies |
| what happened to Italian products in the 1860s | demand for italian products rose |
| what happened to italian products in the 1870s | demand for Italian products fell |
| why did demand for italian products fall in the 1870s | North America began producing same products + new farming tech e.g. fertaliser |
| what is a statistic that reflects the fall in demand for italian products in the 1870s and 1880s | 1880 = agricultural income fell 10 percent |
| what was the result of the stunted Italian economy and agriculture | mass emmigration to europe and africa |
| what section of the italian economy improved in the 1880s | industrial development |
| what is a statistic that reflects industrial development in italy in the 1880s | 1880s industrial growth increases = 4.6 percent per year |
| what social unrest began in the 1880s | agricultural strikes |
| when did these agricultural strikes end | 1918 |
| what was the source of agricultural strikes in the 1880s | poor standards of living, wages +spread of socialism |
| what where the issues with southern farming in italy | hot, dry climate + outdated techniques |
| what statistic indicates the poor health of the rural south | 1870s malaria = 20-30 percent of southern deaths |
| what statistic indicates the poor education of the south | 1871 88 percent of Basilicata = illiterate |
| what statistic contrasts the souths poor educations | 1871 less than 44 percent of Piedmont = illiterate |
Created by:
georgieN007
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