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History Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hobbes | Hates people and believes they are evil/wicked |
| Locke | Believed people could learn from experiences and improve themselves, Life and Liberty |
| Voltaire | Tolerance, reasons, freedom of religious beliefs, freedom of speech |
| Montesquieu | That Britain was the best governed and most politically balanced country, Checks and balances |
| Wollestonecraft | Women's rights |
| Who made up the three estates? | First-Clergy(Church, Second-Nobles, Third- Bourgeoisie |
| What was the slogan of the French Revolution? | Life, Liberty, Fraternity |
| Where did the Third Estate meet to form their new government? | The Tennis Court Oath |
| What happened to King Louis and Queen Antoinette? | They were killed by the guillotine |
| What was the Reign of Terror? | Robespierre rule and killed about 40,000 people |
| What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man? | Gave men equality and freedoms |
| What were the goals of the Congress of Vienna? | Containment of France, Balance the power, Legitimacy |
| Why was Napoleon unable to win against Russia? | They used the scorched earth policy |
| What was the downfall of Napoleon? | 3 Costly Mistakes, sent to Elba, Loss at Waterloo, exiled to St. Helena |
| What are the characteristics of Nationalism? | Pride in your country, not pride in your leader, can bring a country together or apart |
| Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? | Great Britain |
| Why was child labor accepted? | Families needed money, cheap labor, no labor laws, could fit in small places |
| What effect did the new inventions have on agriculture? | Leads to a population explosion, increased food |
| What were some of the problems the workers/citizens faced with Industrial Revolution? | Cities were crowded, dirty, dangerous, unsafe working conditions, long hours, and child labor |
| Who is the teacher of Laissez-faire economics? | Adam Smith |
| Who is Karl Marx? | Communism Philosopher, wrote the Communist Manifesto |
| What is a corporation? | Business that sells stock |
| Why was women's suffrage seen as radical? | They had never voted before |
| What was the Dreyfus Affair? | They thought he was selling military secrets |
| What is Zionism? | A call for a Jewish homeland |
| Thomas Edison | Lightbuld |
| Marie Curie | Radioactivity |
| Louis Pasteur | Pasteurization for milk |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Telephone |
| Wilbur Wright | Airplane |
| What was the Potato Famine? | Black Fungus kills the potato crops |
| What is the belief of Manifest Destiny? | The right to move/conquer coast to coast |
| Why did Europe practice Imperialism? | They needed resources |
| What was the result of the Berlin Conference? | Divided Africa into 14 countries, and Africa wasn't invited |
| What two groups did the British fight in South Africa? | Boers and Zulus |
| What is paternalism? | British allowed for some local control with local leaders |
| Why did the Crimean War break out? | Russia wanted a warm water port |
| What reforms did Muhammad Ali put in place in Egypt? | Made it modern in military and cash crops |
| Who is credited with building the Suez Canal? | The French started it, British finished it |
| What was the Sepoy Mutiny and what was the result of it? | Indians in the gun factory rebelled |
| Who is Queen Liliuokalani? | Last queen of Hawaii |
| What caused the Opium War? | British wouldn't stop trading opium to the chinese |
| What was the Boxer Rebellion? | Chinese wanted foreigners out of their country |
| What was the Russo-Japanese War fought over? | Manchuria |
| What is a sphere of influence? | Where a stronger country has trade power over a weaker one |
| What was the Monroe Doctrine? | A warning from the U.S. to stay out of the western hemisphere |
| What are the four M.A.I.N causes of World War 1? | Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism |
| Why was the Balkan Peninsula referred to as the "powder keg" of Europe? | It was an area of extreme tension |
| What event sparked the beginning World War 1? | Assassination of Franz Ferdinand |
| What was the Schlieffen Plan? | A plan to avoid a two front war |
| What event forced Germany to fight a 2 front war? | Battle of Marne |
| What is propaganda? | Advertisement for support of war |
| What country used unrestricted submarine warfare? | Germany |
| How did the industrial revolution change warfare? | Improved weapon technology |
| What was the Zimmerman Note? | Telegram sent from Germany to Mexico to attack the U.S. |
| When and where was the armistice signed, ending World War 1? | November 11, 1918; Train in France |
| What was the name of President's Wilson's plan for the post-war world? | The Fourteen Points |
| Name three ways the Treaty of Versailles punished Germany | Admit guilt, pay reparations, reduce military |
| What was the German response to the Treaty of Versailles? | Extremely bitter; seek revenge eventually |
| How did the United States feel about joining the league of nations? | Refused sign it |
| Why did Britain and France focus more on punishing Germany than President WIlson? | Their countries were hurt |
| What were three causes of the French Revolution? | The third estate was the inly estate to pay taxes, weren't allowed to hunt on other estate's land, and they only had one vote. |
| Why was the Treaty of Versailles built on quicksand? | The U.S didn't sign it, and none of the countries got what they were promised |
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