Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Government 1st Test
Government with Remmie, first test vocab
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | The total value of good and services produced by a nation's economy in a year |
| Government | The institution with authority to set policy for society |
| Politics | The process that determines who shall occupy the roles of leadership in government and how the power of government shall be exercised |
| Public Policy | The response or lack of response of government decision-makers to an issue |
| Public Policy Approach | A comprehensive method for studying the process through which issue come to the attention of government decision-makers and through which policies are formulated, adopted, implemented, and evaluated |
| Policy-making Environment | The complex of factors outside of government that has an impact, either directly or indirectly, on the policymaking process. |
| Agenda Building | The process through which problems become matters of public concern and government action |
| Policy Formulation | The development of strategies for dealing with the problems on the official policy agenda. |
| Issue Network | A group of political actors that is actively involved with policymaking in a particular issue area. |
| Policy Adaption | The official decision of a government body to accept a particular policy and put it into effect. |
| Policy Implementation | The stage of the policy process in which policies are carried out. |
| Policy Evaluation | The assessment of policy |
| Normative Analysis | A method of study that is based on certain values |
| Empirical Analysis | A method of study that relies on experience and scientific observation |
| Feedback | The impact of the results of policy evaluation on the policy process |
| Medicare | A federally funded health insurance program for the elderly |
| Medicaid | A federally funded program designed to provide health insurance coverage to low-income persons, people with disabilities and elderly people who are impoverished. |
| Social Security | A federal pension and disability insurance program funded through a payroll tax on workers and their employers |
| Political Culture | The widely held, deeply rooted political values of a society |
| Democracy | A system of government in which ultimate political authority is vested in the people. |
| Capitalism | An economic system characterized by individual and corporate ownership of the means of production and a market economy based on the supply and demand of goods and services |
| Baby Boom Generation | The exceptionally large number of Americans born during the late 1940s, 1950s, and early 1960s |
| Sunbelt | The southern and western regions of the United States |
| Frostbelt | The northeastern and midwestern regions of the United States |
| Per Capita | Per person. |
| Standard of Living | The goods and services affordable to and available to the residents of a nation |
| Developing Countries | Nations with relatively low levels of per capita income. |
| Global Economy | The integration of national economies into a world economic system in which companies compete worldwide for supplies and markets |
| Poverty Threshold | The amount of money and individual or family needs to purchase basic necessities such as food, clothing, health care, shelter, and transportation. |
| Constitution | The fundamental law by which a state or nation is organized and governed, and to which ordinary legislation must conform. |
| Power of the Purse | The authority to raise and spend money |
| Unicameral Legislature | A one-house legislature |
| Direct Democracy | A political system in which the citizens vote directly on matters of public concern. |
| Tyranny of the Majority | The abuse of the minority by the majority |
| Representative Democracy/Republic | A political system in which citizens elect representatives to make policy decisions on their behalf |
| Supermajority | A voting margin that is greater than a simple majority |
| Rule of Law | The constitutional principle that holds that the discretion of public officials in dealing with individuals limited by the law. |
| Writ of Habeas Corpus | A court order requiring government authority either to release a person held in custody or demonstrate that the person is detained in accordance with laws |
| Bill of Attainder | A law declaring a person or a group of persons guilty of a crime and providing for punishment without benefit of a judicial proceeding. |
| Ex Post Facto Law | A retroactive criminal statute that operates to the disadvantage of accused persons |
| Due Process of Law | The constitutional principle holding that government must follow fair and regular procedures in actions that could lead to an individual's suffering loss of life, liberty, or property |
| Limited Government | The constitutional principle that government does not have unrestricted authorities over individuals. |
| Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the U.S. constitution |
| Antifederalists | Americans opposed to the ratification of the new constitution because they thought it gave too much power to the national government |
| Federalists | Americans who supported the ratification of the constitution |
| Legislative Power | The power to make laws |
| Executive Power | The power to enforce the laws |
| Judicial Power | The power to interpret the laws |
| Separation of Powers | The division of political power among executive, legislative, and judicial branches. |
| Checks and Balances | The overlapping of the powers of the branches of government designed to ensure that public officials limit the authority of each other. |
| Federalist Papers | A series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay advocating the ratification of the constitution. |
| Factions | Special interests who seek their own good at the expense of the common good. |
| Federation/Federal System | A political system that divides power between a central government, with authority over the whole nation, and a series of state government. |
| Sovereignty | The authority of a state to exercise its legitimate powers within its boundaries, free from external interference. |
| Parliamentary System | A system of government in which political power is concentrated in a legislative body and a cabinet headed by a prime minister. |
| Parliament | The British legislature |
| Constitutional Amendment | A formal, written change or addition to the nation's governing document |
| Judicial Review | The power of courts to declare unconstitutional the actions of the other branches and units of government |
| Equal Protection Clause | A provision of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. constitution that declares that "No State shall...deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." |
| Delegated or Enumerated Powers | The powers explicitly granted to the national government by the constitution |
| Necessary and Proper Clause/Elastic Clause | Article 1, Section 8: "[Congress] to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested in this constitution in the government of the U.S., or any department or office thereof." |
| Implied Powers | Those powers of Congress not explicitly mentioned in the constitution but derived by implication from the delegated powers. |
| National Supremacy Clause | The constitutional provision that declares that the constitution and laws of the United States take precedence over the constitution and laws of the states |
| Full Faith and Credit Clause | The constitutional provision requiring that states recognize the official acts of other states, such as marriages, divorces, adoptions, court orders, and other legal decisions. |
| Privileges and Immunities Clause | The constitutional provision prohibiting state governments from discriminating against the citizens of other states. |
| Extradition | The return from one state to another of a person accused of a crime |
| Republic | A representative democracy in which citizens elect representatives to make policy decisions on their behalf |
| Reserved/Residual Powers | The powers of government left to the states |
| States' Rights | An interpretation of the constitution that favors limiting the authority of the federal government while expanding the powers of the states. |
| New Deal | A legislative package of reform measures proposed by President Franklin Roosevelt for dealing with the Great Depression |
| Brady Act | A federal gun control law that requires a background check on an unlicensed purchaser of a firearm in order to determine whether the individual can legally own a weapon |
| Federal Grant Program | A program through which the national government gives money to state and local governments to spend in accordance with set standards and conditions |
| Authorization Process | The procedure through which Congress legislatively established and defines a program but does not actually provide funding for it. |
| Appropriations Process | The procedure through which Congress legislatively allocates money for a particular purpose |
| Categorical Grant Program | A federal grant program that provides funds to state and local governments for a fairly narrow, specific purpose |
| Block Grant Program | A federal grant program that provides money for a program in a broad, general policy area. |
| Project Grant Program | A grant program that requires state and local governments to compete for available federal money |
| Formula Grant Program | A grant program that awards funding on the basis of a formula established by Congress. |
| Matching Funds Requirement | The legislative provision that the national government will provide grant money for a particular activity only on the condition that the state or local government involved supplies a certain % of the total money required for the project or program. |
| Federal Mandate | A legal requirement placed on a state or local government by the national government requiring certain policy actions. |
| Federal Preemption of State Authority | An act of Congress adopting regulatory policies that overrule state policies in a particular regulatory area. |
| Political Socialization | The process whereby individuals acquire political knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs |
| Public Opinion | Combined personal opinions of adults toward issues of relevance to government |
| Agents of Socialization | Those factors that contribute to political socialization by shaping formal and informal learning. |
| Survey Research | The measurement of public opinion |
| Universe | The population survey researchers wish to study. |
| Sample | A subset of a universe |
| Margin of Error | A statistical term that refers to the accuracy of a survey |
| Biased Sample | A sample that tends to produce results that do not reflect the true characteristics of the universe because it is unrepresentative of the universe. |
| Random Sample | A sample in which each member of the universe has an equal likelihood of being included |
| Civil Liberties | The protection of the individual from the unrestricted power of government |
| Political Elites | The people who exercise a major influence on the policymaking process. |
| Political Legitimacy | The popular acceptance of a government and its officials as rightful authorities in the exercise of power. |
| Civil Union | A legal partnership between two men or two women that gives the couple all the benefits, protections, and responsibilities under law that are granted to spouses in a traditional marriage. |
| Political Efficacy | The extent to which individuals believe they can influence the policymaking process |
| Internal Political Efficacy | The assessment by an individual of his or her personal ability to influence the policymaking process |
| External Political Efficacy | The assessment of an individual of the responsiveness of government to his or her concerns. |
| Liberalism | The political philosophy that favors the use of government power to foster the development of the individual and promote the welfare of the society. |
| Conservatism | The political philosophy that government power undermines the development of the individual and diminishes society as a whole. |
| Political Right/Right Wing | Conservative |
| Political Left/Left Wing | Liberal |
| Global Warming | The gradual warming of the Earth's atmosphere caused by burning fossil fuels and industrial pollutants |
| Isolationism | The view that the United States should stay out of the affairs of other nations. |
| Religious Left | Those who hold liberal views because of their religious beliefs. |
| Religious Right | Those who hold conservative views because of their religious beliefs. |
| Gender Gap | Difference in party identification and political attitudes between men and women. |
| Latent Opinion | What public opinion would be at election time if a political opponent made a public official's position on the issue the target on a particular issue |
| Zone of Acquiescence | The range of policy options acceptable to the public on a particular issue. |
| Constituency | The district from which an officeholder is elected |
| Constituents | The people an officeholder represents |
| Political Participation | An activity that has the intent or effect of influencing government action |
| Voter Mobilization | The process of motivating citizens to vote. |
| Voting Eligible Population (VEP) | The number of U.S. residents who are legally qualified to vote |
| Voting Age Population (VAP) | The number of U.S. residents who are 18 years of age or older |
| Battleground States | Swing states in which the relative strength of the two major-party candidates is close enough so that either candidate could conceivable carry the state. |
| Compulsory Voting | The legal requirement that citizens participate in national elections. |
| Representative Democracy | A political system in which citizens elect representatives to make policy decisions on their behalf. |
Created by:
mandabanana
Popular U.S. History sets