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Intro to Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Wanted a political, worker-led, revolution. | Marx |
| Believed that institutions and norms helped keep society glued together. | Durkheim |
| Thought that religious teachings made some cultures more or less accepting of capitalism. | Weber |
| Focused on the dangers of normlessness and coined the term anomie. | Durkheim |
| Thought that institutions acted on behalf of the wealthy and powerful to create a society that kept the working and lower classes from realizing their exploitation. | Marx |
| Came up with the term "iron cage" to describe how people feel trapped in economic and social environments where they have very little choice but to participate. | Weber |
| Coined the term alienation to describe how people have become lonely, isolated, and separated from their work due to capitalism. | Marx |
| Wrote a book that examines the rise of anxiety and other mental health issues related to the Great Re-wiring and a phone-based childhood. | Jonathan Haidt |
| The Great Rewiring | The rise of smartphones, 24/7 internet connections, and widespread social media app usage beginning in 2012. |
| A combination of disadvantages in society. | intersectionality |
| A type of thinking that combines an understanding of history and biography within a society to make assessments rather than assumptions based on common narratives. | The Sociological Imagination |
| The process of learning norms. | Socialization |
| Wrote about how "negroes" in America had their sense of self greatly influenced by historical experiences and society which created a double consciousness. | W.E.B. DuBois |
| Things that are created and not consistent across cultures or over time. | Social Constructs |
| 1998 law that set the age of internet consent at 13 and does not require companies to verify the ages of online users. | COPPA |
| Shared ideas about what is moral. | Values |
| Agents of Socialization | families, schools, religions, peers, media, work |
| The Looking-Glass Self | How the reactions we receive from others impact our perceptions of our self. |
| Globalization | The connection of world economies and cultures via the internet and trade. |
| 240 Million | The amount of money Big Tech firms spent lobbying the US Gov. from 2020-2024 |
| The Attention Economy | Selling of personal data to companies who advertise online and get people to spend thier time and money on various apps and websites via AI algorithims. |
| Merit-based rankings | earned advancements like a college degree or trade union membership |
| Zip Codes and Neighborhoods | Connect to "the birth lottery", crime, schools, poverty, have/have-nots, and injustice. |
| Invest $1 in early childhood development and get $7-13 back from lower crime, more tax revenue, healthier people, lower divorce rates, and lower unemployment. | The Heckman Equation |
| Humanizing | Avoiding the various types of "othering" which is meant to divide people. |
| Social Facts | Realities of society based on history, norms, beliefs, or laws. |
| Social Stratification | Layers of society that separate people by income, class, status, gender, sex, etc. |
| Taught about the relevance of hierarchies and power. | Weber |
| Wrote aphorism #125, "The Madman", as he saw European culture rapidly shifting away from the norms of Christianity. | Friedrich Nietzsche |
| Focuses on integrating facts from the various social sciences. | Sociology |
| The history of housing and school segregation that makes African American males more likely to end up in poverty and prison. | The New Jim Crow |
| Who has been harmed the most by unregulated adoption of social media? | Young females |
| Who has suffered tremendously due to poverty and a lack of meaningful education reforms in America? | Young males |
| Where do most people live? | Cities (Urban areas) |
| Where does a higher concentration of opiate overdoses occur? | Rural Areas |
| Tight/Loose | The way in which a society views individual freedoms and responsibilities. |
| WEIRD | Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic societies - dominate data and psychological research. Hit the hardest by the mental health crisis of the past decade. |
| Industrialization | Created factories, capitalism, and the worship of wealth. |
| 99% of human history | People lived in small tribal groups with little inequality, few gender roles, and an expectation that elders would protect, and pass along guidance and wisdom to, young people. |
| Who is very vulnerable to poverty and homelessness? | Single Mothers |
| Brain Drain | When people leave their place of birth to seek opportunities for their education and career elsewhere. |
| Fragility | When people are less open-minded, unwilling to discuss differing viewpoints, and approving of cancel culture - associated with the rise of social media/aIgorithims. |
| Wrote "The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life" to describe how we play roles and that the "self" is a social product. | Erving Goffman |
| Anomie | A state of normlessness where individuals feel disconnected from things outside of themselves. |
| Alienation | The estrangement of workers from the products they make, the process of labor, other people, and their own human potential. |
| The Iron Cage | The way capitalism makes people feel trapped, lonely, and isolated. |
| UBI | Universal Basic Income - predicted to be a nessecity by many tech entreprenuers as AI and robots take over several jobs and fields in which humans work. |
| What has happened to the rate of global poverty? | It has decreased significantly throughout the period of globalization. |
| What has happened to measures of inequality in America? | Inequality has generally increased. |
| What do the costs of energy, college, and and medical care have in common? | They have all grown at rates well above inflation for the past 2 decades. |
| Recidivism | A return to criminal activity following a release from prison/jail. |
| Incarceration Rate | The percentage of a population in prison/jail. |
| Demographics | The data provided by the study of human populations. Can give total or relative numbers. |
| Racism | A specific form of prejudice used to apply labels of inferioirity or superioirity to groups of human beings. |
| Oligarchy | Rule by a small number of wealthy/elite individuals or groups. |
| Paid Parental Leave | Allows parents to have time off of work without losing their jobs after having a child. |
| Environmental Injustice | When toxic/polluting industries are located in poor nations or communities. |
| Helped make sociology more scientific by measuring and studying suicide rates in different European countries. | Emile Durkheim |
| Was concerned with when it makes legitimate sense to join a group, or submit to an authority. | Max Weber |
| Romanticized human's tribal past, and hoped for a utopia where all would be cared for and contribute to a fair and flourishing society. | Karl Marx |
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ManofthePeople
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