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Pre-Civil War
Unit 09 - Events Leading to the Civil War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of an Abolitionist? | A person who wanted to end slavery. |
| "Who was the formerly enslaved man who became a prominent writer, orator, and started the abolitionist newspaper 'The North Star'?" | Frederick Douglass. |
| "After escaping slavery, Frederick Douglass published his life story in a famous autobiography titled _____." | Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. |
| Who led the successful 1839 revolt aboard the Spanish slave ship La Amistad? | Sengbe Pieh (also known as Joseph Cinqué). |
| What was the final ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in the Amistad case? | The court ruled that the African captives had been illegally captured and should be freed. |
| Who was the author of the influential anti-slavery novel 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'? | Harriet Beecher Stowe. |
| "What 1850 law, which required northerners to help return runaway slaves, angered Harriet Beecher Stowe and fueled her desire to write her novel?" | The Fugitive Slave Law. |
| "What was the large, unsuccessful escape attempt of 77 enslaved people from Washington D.C. by ship in 1848 known as?" | The Pearl Incident. |
| The failure of the Pearl Incident helped encourage the passage of a section of which major legislative compromise? | "The Compromise of 1850, which ended the slave trade in D.C." |
| Who was the radical white abolitionist who published 'The Liberator' and founded the American Anti-Slavery Society? | William Lloyd Garrison. |
| Why did William Lloyd Garrison publicly burn a copy of the U.S. Constitution? | He believed it was a pro-slavery document. |
| Who were the two sisters from a wealthy South Carolina slaveholding family who moved north to become prominent abolitionist speakers? | Angelina and Sarah Grimke. |
| "Angelina Grimke and her husband, Theodore Weld, published a book compiling primary source accounts of slavery's brutality called _____." | Slavery As It Is. |
| "Born Isabella Baumfree, this escaped slave became a traveling preacher and a powerful advocate for abolition and women's rights." | Sojourner Truth. |
| What physical injury did Harriet Tubman suffer as a teenager that caused seizures and sleeping spells for the rest of her life? | "Her skull was broken when an overseer threw a two-pound weight at a fleeing slave, hitting her instead." |
| What was Harriet Tubman's role during the Civil War? | "She served as a nurse, scout, and spy for the Union army." |
| Who was the enslaved preacher in Virginia who led a violent rebellion in 1831 after claiming to have visions from God? | Nat Turner. |
| What was a major consequence of Nat Turner's Rebellion for enslaved and free Black people in the South? | "Southern states passed harsher laws, making it illegal to teach enslaved people to read and restricting religious gatherings." |
| Who was the free Black man in Charleston who used his position as a church founder to plan a large-scale slave rebellion in 1822? | Denmark Vesey. |
| What was the outcome of Denmark Vesey's planned rebellion? | "The plot was discovered before it could begin, and Vesey and over 30 others were executed." |
| The Missouri Compromise of 1820 admitted Missouri as a slave state and _____ as a free state. | Maine. |
| What geographical boundary did the Missouri Compromise establish for the expansion of slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory? | It banned slavery in new states north of the 36°30' latitude line (excluding Missouri itself). |
| Which key provision of the Compromise of 1850 was a major victory for the South? | The passage of a stricter Fugitive Slave Act. |
| Which key provision of the Compromise of 1850 was a major victory for the North? | The admission of California to the Union as a free state. |
| "The Compromise of 1850 allowed the territories of New Mexico and Utah to decide the issue of slavery based on _____, meaning the settlers could vote on it." | popular sovereignty. |
| What 1854 act repealed the Missouri Compromise line and applied the principle of popular sovereignty to the territories north of it? | The Kansas-Nebraska Act. |
| The violence that erupted between pro- and anti-slavery settlers following the Kansas-Nebraska Act earned the territory the nickname _____. | Bleeding Kansas. |
| "Who led the Pottawatomie Massacre, a retaliatory attack where five pro-slavery men were dragged from their beds and killed with swords?" | John Brown. |
| Who was the anti-slavery senator from Massachusetts brutally beaten with a cane on the Senate floor by Representative Preston Brooks? | Charles Sumner. |
| "What was John Brown's objective in his 1859 raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia?" | To seize weapons and initiate a massive slave rebellion. |
| What was Frederick Douglass's opinion of John Brown's plan to raid Harpers Ferry? | "He opposed it, believing it was a 'perfect steel-trap' that would be fatal to everyone involved." |
| "According to a Southern pro-slavery editorial, which political party was responsible for John Brown's raid?" | The Republican Party. |
| "What was the term for one's loyalty to a specific region of the country, such as the North or South, rather than the country as a whole?" | Sectionalism. |
| "What term describes the ability to recover quickly from difficulty, often demonstrated by enslaved people through music, community, and culture?" | Resilience. |
| "What was a common form of day-to-day resistance used by enslaved people, such as pretending to be sick or lying to an overseer?" | Feigning illness or being deceptive. |
| "Legal frameworks like the Alabama Slave Code of 1852 restricted the movement of enslaved people, requiring them to carry a _____ to leave the plantation." | pass. |
| "According to Lewis Clarke's narrative, what was a major hardship for house slaves compared to field slaves?" | They were constantly exposed to the whims and passions of every member of the slaveholding family. |
| What was the typical weekly food ration for an enslaved person on many plantations? | "One peck of corn or cornmeal, sometimes supplemented with a few salt herrings." |
| What did Solomon Northup credit with helping him endure his twelve years of bondage? | "His violin, which he called his companion and the friend of his bosom." |
| What political party was formed with the main goal of opposing the spread of slavery into the western territories? | The Free-Soil Party. |
| Who was the Kentucky representative known as 'The Great Compromiser' for his central role in crafting the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850? | Henry Clay. |
| Who was the Illinois senator who championed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the principle of popular sovereignty? | Stephen Douglas. |
| "The _____ was a proposed amendment to Missouri's statehood bill that would have required the gradual freeing of slaves, but it was not passed into law." | Tallmadge Amendment. |
| How did Frederick Douglass first learn to read and write? | "He was initially tutored by Sophia Auld, but later had to learn on his own by sneaking written materials." |
| What pivotal event occurred between Frederick Douglass and the 'slave breaker' Edward Covey? | "Douglass fought back against Covey, and Covey never touched him again." |
| Who encouraged and provided money for Frederick Douglass's escape to freedom? | "Anna Murray, who later became his wife." |
| "In addition to abolition, what other social cause did Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and the Grimke sisters all advocate for?" | Women's rights. |
| "What was the goal of the American Colonization Society, which William Lloyd Garrison initially joined but later left?" | To transport free Black people back to Africa. |
| "The _____ was an organization created to send free African Americans to Africa, which was criticized for implying they were not true U.S. citizens." | American Colonization Society. |
| "The image of Gordon, an escaped slave, showed his back covered in _____, which became powerful anti-slavery propaganda." | scars from a whipping. |
| What desperate act did an enslaved woman commit to prevent being sold and to get revenge on her master? | She cut off three of her own fingers with an axe. |
| What was a significant difference in the working lives of enslaved people in the fields versus in the house? | "Field hands performed hard physical labor, while house slaves endured constant scrutiny and the volatile tempers of the enslaver's family." |
| Why were enslaved mothers forced to bring their infants and young children with them to the fields? | There was no one to safely care for the children at the cabins while the mothers worked. |
| What did the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision rule regarding Black people's rights? | It ruled that Black people had no rights which white men were bound to respect and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories. |
| How did the Compromise of 1850 address the slave trade in Washington D.C.? | "It ended the slave trade in the district, although slavery itself remained legal." |
| The idea that a state had the right to cancel any federal law it deemed unfair was known as the doctrine of _____. | Nullification. |
| "What was a common feature of housing for enslaved people, often requiring them to create their own dividers from old boards or rags?" | The cabins were single rooms with no partitions for separating families. |
| How did Harriet Tubman aid the Union during the Civil War? | "She worked as a nurse, a cook, and most notably as a scout and spy." |
| What was the most glorious military moment for Harriet Tubman during the Civil War? | She led a group of Union soldiers to free 750 enslaved people along the Combahee River. |
| "After gaining his freedom, how did Denmark Vesey earn the money to purchase it?" | He won $1500 in a city lottery. |
| The _____ was a political party that opposed the Democrats and argued for federal funding for internal improvements like roads and canals. | Whig Party. |
| What did the political cartoon depicting John Brown meeting a slave mother and child symbolize about his actions? | "It portrayed him as a heroic, Christ-like martyr fighting for the oppressed against an unjust system." |
| The term for pro-slavery activists from Missouri who crossed into Kansas to vote illegally and intimidate anti-slavery settlers was _____. | Border Ruffians. |
| How did Sojourner Truth gain her son's freedom after he was illegally sold into slavery in Alabama? | "She successfully sued the white man responsible in court, becoming one of the first Black women to win such a case." |
| "In his speech to the court, how did John Brown justify his actions at Harpers Ferry?" | "He argued he had interfered on behalf of the 'despised poor' and that it was a righteous act, not a crime." |
| Why did Frederick Douglass have to flee to Great Britain after publishing his autobiography? | "He named his former owner, making it legally possible for him to be recaptured." |
| The violent fights between pro- and anti-slavery forces in Kansas over whether the territory would permit slavery were collectively known as _____. | Bleeding Kansas. |
| The thought that each American state had the right to cancel any federal law they felt to be unfair is known as _____. | Nullification. |
| What was the name of the newspaper founded by Frederick Douglass to advocate for abolition? | The North Star. |
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