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Early Presidents
Unit 06 - The Early Presidents
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who were the two main candidates in the U.S. presidential election of 1796? | John Adams (Federalist) and Thomas Jefferson (Republican). |
| "Under the original election rules, how was the Vice-President determined in 1796?" | The candidate who received the second-highest number of electoral votes became the Vice-President. |
| What was the international conflict that led to the XYZ Affair? | "France and Britain were at war, and France was seizing American trading ships." |
| "In the XYZ Affair, what did French foreign minister Talleyrand's agents demand from U.S. diplomats before negotiations could begin?" | "A bribe of $250,000 and a loan of $10 million to the French government." |
| "The _____ Acts, signed by John Adams, lengthened the time to become a U.S. citizen from 5 to 14 years and allowed the president to deport non-citizens deemed dangerous." | Alien |
| "What 1798 law made it a crime to make ""false, scandalous, and malicious"" statements about government officials?" | The Sedition Act. |
| "What constitutional problem occurred during the Election of 1800 between Thomas Jefferson and his running mate, Aaron Burr?" | "They both received the same number of electoral votes, resulting in a tie for the presidency." |
| Which political rival of Thomas Jefferson was the crucial voice in convincing the House of Representatives to choose Jefferson over Aaron Burr in the 1800 election? | Alexander Hamilton. |
| "Which constitutional amendment was passed to prevent ties in presidential elections, like the one that occurred in 1800?" | The 12th Amendment. |
| "According to the provided text, what was the core belief of the Democratic-Republican Party regarding who should run the government?" | "They believed that the ""common"" people were capable of running the government." |
| What was the Federalist Party's belief regarding who should primarily run society and government? | "They believed that mostly the wealthy should run society, not the common people." |
| "What is the term for interpreting the Constitution by only allowing the federal government powers specifically listed in it, a view held by Jefferson?" | Strict constructionist. |
| "What is the term for interpreting the Constitution as allowing the federal government to do whatever was ""necessary and proper,"" a view held by Hamilton?" | Loose constructionist. |
| How did Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton differ in their economic visions for the United States? | "Jefferson preferred an economy based on agriculture (individual farmers), while Hamilton preferred one based on business, entrepreneurship, and finance." |
| What was President Washington's final decision regarding U.S. involvement in the French Revolution? | "He sided with Hamilton and issued a statement of neutrality, keeping the U.S. out of the conflict." |
| Why did Alexander Hamilton create the whiskey tax? | To collect money to pay off the U.S. debt from the Revolutionary War and to discourage heavy drinking. |
| What act of protest did some Pennsylvania farmers commit against tax collectors during the Whiskey Rebellion? | They tarred and feathered them and chopped off their hair. |
| How did President Washington's response to the Whiskey Rebellion demonstrate the power of the new federal government? | "He led a militia of 13,500 soldiers to put down the rebellion, showing the government could and would enforce its laws." |
| "In Jefferson's view, the whiskey tax was an ""infernal one"" that could become a weapon for what purpose?" | Breaking up the Union. |
| What major land acquisition during Jefferson's presidency doubled the size of the United States? | The Louisiana Purchase. |
| Why did Napoleon Bonaparte decide to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States? | He needed money to finance his wars in Europe after his plans for the territory were disrupted by the Haitian Revolution. |
| Why did Thomas Jefferson struggle with the decision to make the Louisiana Purchase? | "The Constitution did not explicitly grant the president the power to purchase land, which conflicted with his strict constructionist views." |
| What were the pirates from North African countries who attacked American ships in the Mediterranean called? | The Barbary pirates. |
| What was the British practice of capturing American sailors and forcing them to serve in the British navy called? | Impressment. |
| "The _____ Act, passed by Congress in 1807 at Jefferson's request, stopped all trade with Britain and France and had a disastrous impact on the U.S. economy." | Embargo |
| What was the name for the judges John Adams appointed in the final hours of his presidency to maintain Federalist power in the judicial branch? | "The ""midnight judges.""" |
| "In the case of Marbury v. Madison, what did President Jefferson order his Secretary of State, James Madison, to do?" | To not deliver the paperwork that would give the newly appointed judges their jobs. |
| What was Chief Justice John Marshall's final ruling in Marbury v. Madison? | "He ruled that the law giving Marbury the right to petition the Supreme Court was unconstitutional, so Marbury's case was thrown out." |
| "The Supreme Court's power to declare laws passed by Congress unconstitutional, established by Marbury v. Madison, is known as what?" | Judicial review. |
| "According to HSS standard 8.3.4, conflicts between which two individuals resulted in the emergence of two political parties?" | Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. |
| What was one of the negative impacts of the War of 1812 on the United States' capital? | "The British burned famous buildings in Washington D.C., including the White House." |
| "Which stunning U.S. victory, fought after the peace treaty was signed, made General Andrew Jackson a national hero?" | The Battle of New Orleans. |
| How did the War of 1812 affect American culture in arts and literature? | "Artists and writers moved away from European themes and began focusing on American themes, people, and landscapes." |
| What was the devastating impact of the War of 1812 on Native Americans? | They could no longer rely on the British for protection and were pushed further westward as their way of life declined. |
| What treaty officially ended the War of 1812 and returned U.S. and British relations to their pre-war conditions? | The Treaty of Ghent. |
| "The presidency of James Monroe was often called the ""_____"" because there was only one political party and the war in Europe had ended." | Era of Good Feelings |
| "What was the main idea of the Monroe Doctrine, issued during James Monroe's presidency?" | It stated that the United States would reject any European intervention or presence in the Americas. |
| What two dangers did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? | The dangers of political parties and political alliances with foreign nations. |
| What was Alexander Hamilton's official position in George Washington's cabinet? | Secretary of the Treasury. |
| What was Thomas Jefferson's official position in George Washington's cabinet? | Secretary of State. |
| "In the War of 1812, what faction in Congress, led by figures like Henry Clay, demanded armed conflict against the British?" | The War Hawks. |
| What does HSS standard 8.4.2 task students with explaining? | "The policy significance of famous speeches, such as Washington's Farewell Address and Jefferson's 1801 Inaugural Address." |
| "According to HSS standard 8.5, students analyze U.S. foreign policy in what period?" | The early Republic. |
| Who were the two explorers hired by Jefferson to map and explore the Louisiana Purchase region? | Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. |
| What was the primary role of the National Bank created by Alexander Hamilton? | "To create funds for the national government, give loans to businesses, and issue bank notes." |
| What was the Neutrality Proclamation issued by George Washington? | A declaration that the U.S. would not become involved on either side of the conflict between France and Britain. |
| Who was Tecumseh? | A Shawnee leader who formed an alliance of Native American nations to prevent U.S. expansion. |
| What was the core belief of Federalists regarding partnership with foreign nations? | They favored a strong partnership with the British. |
| What was the core belief of Democratic-Republicans regarding partnership with foreign nations? | They favored a strong partnership with France and believed in the ideals of the French Revolution. |
| What is an excise tax? | "A tax from the government on a specific good or service, such as the tax on whiskey." |
| What was the purpose of the exit ticket activity involving creating imaginary tweets for John Adams? | "To assess a student's understanding of key events during Adams' presidency (Election of 1796, XYZ Affair, Alien and Sedition Acts) from his perspective." |
| What was the central debate in Washington's cabinet regarding the French Revolution? | Whether to provide aid to France as a French ally or to remain neutral in their war with England. |
| The activity asking students to identify whether a quote was from Hamilton or Jefferson tests their understanding of what concept? | The differing political ideologies of the two leaders and their respective parties. |
| "The 'Cause and Impact of the War of 1812' documents ask students to identify different points-of-view from figures like a sailor, a frontier resident, and a politician. What skill does this develop?" | The ability to analyze historical events from multiple perspectives. |
| "What is the M.E.A.L. paragraph structure, as shown in the 'Impact of the War of 1812' materials, used for?" | "To organize a paragraph with a Main Idea, Evidence, Analysis, and a Link back to the claim." |
| What did John Marshall recognize as the main weakness of the Judicial branch before the Marbury v. Madison case? | "Its powers were not clearly described by the Constitution, making it seem like the weakest branch." |
| What did Jefferson do regarding the Alien and Sedition Acts when he became president? | He allowed most of the acts to expire and pardoned those who had been convicted under the Sedition Act. |
| The political cartoons depicting the Monroe Doctrine often feature which symbolic character representing the United States? | Uncle Sam. |
| What did Jefferson achieve regarding federal taxes by the end of his first term? | "He was able to persuade Congress to repeal all federal taxes, including the Whiskey Tax." |
| "In the provided materials, what was the primary reason President Madison supported going to war in 1812?" | He was concerned about British impressment of American sailors and violation of U.S. neutrality at sea. |
| "According to the student handout, what were the personal attacks leveled against John Adams and Thomas Jefferson in the 1796 election?" | "Adams' ""rotund"" size was pointed out in newspapers, and Jefferson was called a coward for his actions during the Revolutionary War." |
| "After the Whiskey Rebellion, President Washington pardoned the two rebels who were found guilty of what crime?" | Conspiracy against the government of the United States. |
| "According to the provided sources, what happened to Thomas Jefferson's Embargo Act in 1809?" | Congress repealed the embargo for all nations except Britain and France. |
| "What was one of the arguments made by those who opposed the War of 1812, as personified by John Randolph?" | They did not want to pay taxes to support the war and pointed out that France had also attacked U.S. ships. |
| "According to the Marbury v. Madison mini-play, Marshall believed the Supreme Court should be on equal footing with which two branches of government?" | The Legislative and Executive branches. |
| The lesson plans incorporating the musical 'Hamilton' use rap lyrics to teach about what historical conflicts? | The debates between Jefferson and Hamilton over the French Revolution and the U.S. financial system. |
Created by:
J-Sllim-00
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