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U.S. Constitution
Unit 05 - U.S. Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "Under the Articles of Confederation, a law could only be passed with the approval of how many states?" | 9 of the 13 states. |
| A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that Congress did not have the power to _____. | tax |
| What was the name of the uprising led by a Revolutionary War veteran in Massachusetts against the foreclosure of farms for debt? | Shays' Rebellion. |
| Shays' Rebellion highlighted the weakness of the Articles of Confederation because Congress did not have a(n) _____ to stop the rebels. | army |
| The event that shocked Congress into changing the Articles of Confederation was _____. | Shays' Rebellion |
| "What major success was achieved under the Articles of Confederation, which set up a system for admitting new states and banned slavery in the new territories?" | The Northwest Ordinance of 1787. |
| What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention in May of 1787? | To consider amending the Articles of Confederation. |
| Term: Delegate (in the context of the Constitutional Convention) | A representative sent to a conference. |
| The plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention that favored large states by basing representation on population was called the _____. | Virginia Plan |
| The plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention that favored small states by giving each state one vote was called the _____. | New Jersey Plan |
| "What was the name of the compromise that created a two-house legislature, with the Senate having equal representation and the House based on population?" | The Connecticut Compromise (or Great Compromise). |
| "According to the Connecticut Compromise, how many senators does each state have?" | Two. |
| In which house of Congress is the number of representatives based on a state's population? | The House of Representatives. |
| What compromise determined how enslaved people would be counted for taxation and representation? | The 3/5s Compromise. |
| "The 3/5s Compromise stated that each enslaved person would count as three-fifths of a person, and that the importation of new slaves would end by what year?" | 1808 |
| The system where the federal government and state governments share power is known as _____. | Federalism |
| What clause in the Constitution establishes that federal laws are superior to state laws? | The Supremacy Clause. |
| "Powers specifically described in the Constitution, such as the power to print money and declare war, are called _____ powers." | Expressed Powers |
| "Powers not specifically described in the Constitution but derived from the ""necessary and proper"" clause are known as _____ powers." | Implied Powers |
| "Powers left for the states, such as establishing schools and issuing licenses, are called _____ powers." | Reserved Powers |
| "Powers held by both the federal and state governments, such as collecting taxes and building roads, are called _____ powers." | Concurrent Powers |
| Which branch of government is responsible for making the nation's laws? | The Legislative Branch (Congress). |
| Which branch of government is responsible for carrying out or enforcing the laws? | The Executive Branch (The President). |
| Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting the laws and determining if they are constitutional? | The Judicial Branch. |
| How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives? | Two years. |
| How long is a term for a U.S. Senator? | Six years. |
| How long is a presidential term? | Four years. |
| How long is the term for a Supreme Court Justice? | For life. |
| The system that ensures no single branch of government becomes too powerful is called _____. | Checks and Balances |
| What check does the President have on the Legislative Branch's power to pass laws? | The President can veto a law. |
| How can Congress override a presidential veto? | With a two-thirds vote in both the House and the Senate. |
| What is the power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional called? | Judicial Review. |
| The process by which Congress can remove the President from office for crimes is called _____. | Impeachment |
| What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution called? | The Bill of Rights. |
| "Which amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, and peaceful assembly?" | The 1st Amendment. |
| The right to keep ordinary weapons is protected by which amendment? | The 2nd Amendment. |
| Which amendment prohibits the government from forcing citizens to quarter soldiers in their homes? | The 3rd Amendment. |
| Which amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures and requires a warrant or probable cause? | The 4th Amendment. |
| "Which amendment protects against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and guarantees due process of law?" | The 5th Amendment. |
| The right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury and the right to a lawyer is guaranteed by which amendment? | The 6th Amendment. |
| Which amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in federal civil cases? | The 7th Amendment. |
| Protection against cruel and unusual punishments and excessive bail is found in which amendment? | The 8th Amendment. |
| Which amendment states that citizens have other rights not explicitly listed in the Constitution? | The 9th Amendment. |
| Which amendment reserves powers not granted to the federal government for the states and the people? | The 10th Amendment. |
| "In Tinker v. Des Moines, what did the Supreme Court rule about students' 1st Amendment rights in schools?" | "Students do not lose their 1st Amendment rights at school, as long as their expression does not substantially disrupt the school day." |
| "In New Jersey v. T.L.O., the Supreme Court ruled that school officials can search a student's belongings without a warrant if they have _____." | reasonable evidence (or reasonable suspicion) |
| The Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale ruled that a state-mandated prayer in public schools violated which clause of the 1st Amendment? | The establishment clause (preventing the establishment of religion). |
| "In United States v. Lopez, the Supreme Court struck down the Gun-Free School Zones Act, ruling that Congress had overstepped its power to regulate _____." | trade between the states (interstate commerce) |
| The Supreme Court case J.D.B. v. North Carolina established that a suspect's _____ should be considered when determining if they are in custody and require a lawyer. | age |
| Which group is made up of 538 electors who formally choose the president of the United States? | The Electoral College. |
| The President's power to forgive and release someone from prison is called a _____. | pardon |
| A law that does not follow the rules of the Constitution is declared _____. | unconstitutional |
| "Many Revolutionary War veterans in Massachusetts, like Daniel Shays, had not been paid for their military service but were instead given government certificates called _____." | scrips |
| "The protesters in Shays' Rebellion, who organized to prevent courthouses from seizing farms, called themselves _____." | Regulators |
| "Following Shays' Rebellion, the Massachusetts government passed the _____, which pardoned rebels who turned in weapons and took an oath of loyalty." | Disqualification Act |
| "The group of men who wrote the Constitution are often referred to as Delegates, Framers, or _____." | Founding Fathers |
| How many members are in the U.S. House of Representatives? | 435 members. |
| How many justices currently serve on the U.S. Supreme Court? | Nine justices. |
| Who appoints Supreme Court justices? | The President. |
| Who must approve the President's appointment of a Supreme Court justice? | The Senate. |
| What is an example of an expressed power of the federal government? | "To establish a Post Office, declare war, or print money." |
| What is an example of a reserved power of a state government? | "To issue driver's licenses, establish public schools, or conduct elections." |
| What is an example of a concurrent power shared by federal and state governments? | "To collect taxes, build roads, or borrow money." |
| "The 5th amendment states the government can take private land for public use, like building a school, as long as they pay for it. This is called _____." | eminent domain |
| The 5th Amendment protection that you cannot be tried for the same crime twice is known as _____. | double jeopardy |
| "To add an amendment to the Constitution, two-thirds of Congress or _____ of the states must vote to approve it." | three-fourths |
| "The primary author of the Constitution, who took extensive notes at the convention, was _____." | James Madison |
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