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revolution abv+bel 3
German revolution from above and below
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what did Ludendorff persuade the Kaiser to do in September 1918 | convert Germany into a parliamentary democracy |
| what was a German parliamentary democracy | elected civilian government with support of the Reichstag |
| why did the Kaiser convert Germany into a parliamentary democracy | avoid blame of defeat in war |
| when was the new government formed | October 1918 |
| why was this called the revolution from above | the ruling class brought the change |
| who was the first chancellor of the new Reichstag | Prince Max of Baden |
| when was Prince Max of Baden appointed as chancellor of the Reichstag | October 1918 |
| where the reforms Max of Baden passed sufficient? what was the result? | the reforms were insufficient, social unrest broke out |
| what event began the revolution from below | sailors in Kiel and Wilhelmshaven mutinied |
| what was the result of the mutinies in Kiel and Wilhelmshaven | word spread, councils of workers were created |
| what fear did the formation of worker's councils create | revolution like in Russia |
| what did Max of Baden do to prevent revolution | announced the Kaiser's abdication, handed position of chancellor to Friedrich Ebert |
| who was Friedrich Ebert | leader of the moderate socialists |
| what did SPD leader Philipp Scheidemann announce to crowds in Berlin on 9th of November 1918 | Germany as a republic |
| what Spartacist leader announced a soviet republic at the same time as Philipp Scheidemann elsewhere in Berlin | Karl Liebknecht |
| what did the new republic sign on November 11th 1918 | armistice ending ww1 |