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Reading 9.6
Challenges of the 21st Century (Recent Events Not Likely to be on the AP Exam)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 2016 Election | Presidential election in which Donald Trump won the presidency over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton through his Make America Great Again campaign and his attacks on Washington politicians. |
| Donald Trump | 45th President of the United States who emphasized his Make America Great Again plan and filing federal court vacancies, but struggled with multiple scandals and impeachments. |
| Make America Great Again | President Trump’s campaign slogan and plan to emphasize tax cuts, deregulation of the private sector, trade protection and immigration control. |
| Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017) | Congressional law passed under President Trump which cut taxes in a way that mostly benefited wealthy Americans and resulted in a sharp increase in the federal deficit. |
| Neil Gorsuch | Conservative Supreme Court justice appointed by President Trump after Senator McConnell refused to hold a vote on President Obama’s nomination of Merrick Garland. |
| Brett Kavanaugh | Conservative Supreme Court justice whose nomination by President Trump was controversial because of accusations of sexual assault. |
| Amy Coney Barrett | Conservative Supreme Court justice appointed by President Trump, which was controversial because Senator McConnell rushed through her confirmation vote before the election of 2020. |
| “America First” | Isolationist foreign policy of President Trump that involved removing the United States from multiple international agreements and organizations and placing large tariffs on Chinese goods. |
| Robert Mueller | Special counsel who oversaw the investigation into allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 election, which resulted in multiple indictments and convictions of Trump campaign staff. |
| 1st Impeachment of Trump | Investigation of President Trump for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, which ended in the House voting in favor of recommending President Trump’s removal from office. |
| COVID-19 | Virus that caused an international pandemic in 2020, which caused most schools and businesses to switch to virtual interactions and the economy was greatly affected. |
| Operation Warp Speed | $10 billion government program under President Trump to help pharmaceutical companies develop COVID-19 vaccines at a record pace, which proved successful. |
| Election of 2020 | Presidential election won by Joe Biden over incumbent President Trump, which President Trump claimed was stolen without providing any proof or evidence. |
| Joe Biden | 46th President of the United States who won on a campaign promise to “Build Back Better” by investing in infrastructure and helping the United States emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| Kamala Harris | Former California senator and vice president to President Biden who was the first female and person of color to hold the position. |
| January 6, 2021 | Attack on the Capitol by President Trump supporters who attended his rally nearby, which resulted in multiple deaths, hundreds of injuries and President Trump’s second impeachment. |
| 2nd Impeachment of Trump | Investigation of President Trump for incitement of insurrection, which ended in the House voting in favor of recommending President Trump’s removal from office. |