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Landmark Court Cases
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) | Established judicial review, giving the Supreme Court the power to declare laws unconstitutional. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | Segregation is legal under the “separate but equal” doctrine. |
| Brown v. Board of Education (1954) | Racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional, overturning “separate but equal.” |
| Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) | Students have the right to free speech at school unless it causes substantial disruption. |
| Miranda v. Arizona (1966) | Suspects must be informed of their rights (Miranda Rights) before police questioning. |
| Baker v. Carr (1962) | Courts can rule on legislative redistricting issues, leading to the principle of “one person, one vote.” |
| McDonald v. Chicago (2010) | States can’t completely ban handguns because people have a right to self-defense under the Constitution. |
| T.L.O. v. New Jersey | The Court decided that schools can search students if there’s reasonable suspicion, balancing student privacy with school safety. |