Question 1

New South

Accepted Answer

Vision of Henry Grady for the Southern economy to become self-sufficient and built on modern capitalist values, industrial growth, modernized transportation and improved race relations.

Question 2

Henry Grady

Accepted Answer

Southern newspaper editor who promoted the “New South,” which achieved some success, but ultimately proved difficult to implement because of the South’s agricultural past and racial divisions.

Question 3

Birmingham

Accepted Answer

City in Alabama that developed into one of the nation’s leading steel producers as part of the “New South.”

Question 4

Memphis

Accepted Answer

City in Tennessee that developed into one of the nation’s main lumber centers as part of the “New South.”

Question 5

Richmond

Accepted Answer

Former Confederate capital and city in Virginia that became the capital of the nation’s tobacco industry as part of the “New South.”

Question 6

National Rail Network

Accepted Answer

System of railroads that connected the various regions of the United States that rapidly grew in the South after the Civil War as part of the “New South.”

Question 7

Tenant Farmers

Accepted Answer

Agricultural workers who rented land from large landowners in order to grow crops, which forced many former slaves to continue to depend on their landowners for survival.

Question 8

Sharecroppers

Accepted Answer

Agriculture workers who paid for the use of land with a share of the crop, which forced many former slaves to continue to depend on their landowners for survival.

Question 9

George Washington Carver

Accepted Answer

African American scientist at Tuskegee Institute who promoted the diversification of farm crops in the South through growing peanuts, sweet potatoes and soybeans.

Question 10

Tuskegee Institute

Accepted Answer

Educational institution founded specifically for African Americans by Booker T. Washington that focused on agricultural and technical training.

Question 11

White Supremacists

Accepted Answer

Racist individuals who favored treating African Americans as social inferiors through tactics such as separating or segregating public facilities and potentially violence.

Question 12

Civil Rights Cases of 1883

Accepted Answer

Landmark SCOTUS cases that ruled Congress could not ban racial discrimination practiced by private citizens and businesses used by the public.

Question 13

Plessy v. Ferguson

Accepted Answer

Landmark SCOTUS case that created the “separate, but equal” doctrine and legalized racial segregation, which contributed to the rise of Jim Crow laws.

Question 14

Jim Crow Laws

Accepted Answer

State laws that institutionalized racial segregation in the South by segregating schools, buses and other public accommodations, which made it near impossible for Southern blacks to vote.

Question 15

Literacy Tests

Accepted Answer

Examination of a person’s ability to read and write in order to vote, which effectively barred many African Americans from participating in elections.

Question 16

Poll Taxes

Accepted Answer

Fees charged for the right to vote that many African Americans could not afford since many African Americans were poor sharecroppers, which effectively barred them from participating in elections.

Question 17

Grandfather Clauses

Accepted Answer

Laws that required voters to have a grandfather who had voted in elections before Reconstruction, which effectively barred many African Americans from participating in elections.

Question 18

Lynch Mobs

Accepted Answer

Groups of racist individuals who would torture and kill African Americans in order to maintain the racial status quo and intimidate African Americans.

Question 19

Economic Discrimination

Accepted Answer

Prevention of African Americans from getting higher paying skilled trade and factory jobs, which prevented most African Americans from rising into the middle class.

Question 20

Ida B. Wells

Accepted Answer

Newspaper editor, women’s rights activist and future muckraker who campaigned against Jim Crow laws and lynchings by advocating for national anti-lynching laws.

Question 21

International Migration Society

Accepted Answer

Organization formed by Bishop Henry Turner to help African Americans emigrate to Africa.

Question 22

Booker T. Washington

Accepted Answer

Founder of the Tuskegee Institute who urged African Americans to address racism by using economic cooperation to gain gradual improvements in their social, political, and economic status.

Question 23

Atlanta Compromise

Accepted Answer

Belief held by Booker T. Washington that African Americans should focus on the economic improvement of the South in exchange for better education and some legal rights.

Question 24

Economic Cooperation

Accepted Answer

Idea supported by Booker T. Washington that African Americans should focus on vocational training and that economic gains would lead to gradual social and political gains as well.

Question 25

W. E. B. Du Bois

Accepted Answer

Opposed to Booker T. Washington’s “gradualist” approach to equality, he argued for immediate and full equality socially, politically, and economically and he co-founded the NAACP.

Reading 6.4

“New South”

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