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Topic 8
World History Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Benin | West African society turned corrupt and brutal by the slave trade |
| trans-Atlantic journey | often called the Middle Passage, it brought kidnapped Africans to the Caribbean and during the brutal journey many died |
| sugar cane plantations | very labor intensive crop in the Caribbean and Brazil that caused an increase in slave labor |
| Europeans settled in the Americas | led to a dramatic increase in the slave trade |
| Arab Slave trade | led to the expansion of the slave trade in West and East Africa and transported slaves to destinations across the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean |
| slave roles | farm laborers, miners, soldiers, sailors, merchants, and servants |
| 11 and 14 million | the estimated number of Africans who were enslaved between 650 and 1500 |
| First state in southern Africa | Zimbabwe |
| How were the walls of Great Zimbabwe unusual | without the use of mortar, the people were able to create an enormously stable granite structure |
| What items were traded at Great Zimbabwe | gold, iron, copper, tin |
| What kingdom existed in Central Africa whose economy was based on farming but ultimately was devastated due to the slave trade | Kongo |
| Swahili | mixed African Arabian culture and language |
| Kilwa | beautiful city East Africa which benefited from the gold trade and the monsoon winds before it was destroyed by Portugal |
| Why did East Africa prosper | trade routes |
| What items were traded in East Africa | ivory, copper, gold, iron ore, textiles, spices, porcelain, incense |
| Where was Ghana | located in West Africa between the Niger and Senegal Rivers |
| What resources and trade routes did Ghana control | gold and salt |
| Fall of Ghana | drought, loss of tax revenue as the gold trade route shifted, eventually replaced by Mali |
| Sundiata | first ruler of Mali |
| Timbuktu | famous city in the Mali Empire that was considered a center of learning |
| Mansa Musa | ruler of Mali who went to Mecca and along the way gifted gold in order to create a favorable impression of Mali and its wealth |
| Sonni Ali | first ruler of Songhai |
| Why did Sonni Ali create a navy | to patrol the Niger River to keep it safe for trade |
| Africa's climate zones | grasslands, tropical rainforests, mountains |
| Deserts cover what % of Africa | 40 |
| lineage groups | basic building blocks of African society |
| camel | animal most crucial to trans-Saharan trade |
| length of a caravan's journey | 40-60 days |
| Why do historians know more about the Central African kingdom of Kongo than most others? | due to extensive written records |
| What did Arab writers refer to Ghana as | the land of the gold |
| what influence did Muslim traders have during their travels to Ghana | brought Islam to the area, Arabic language and writing, coinage, and business methods |
Created by:
ndouvier
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