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AP Human Geograpgy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| material culture | the art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other similar items constructed or created by a group of people |
| non-material culture | The beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people. |
| culture and technology | to make life easier and more comfortable is the primordial reason of the birth and the current growth of technology |
| polygot | speaking several languages |
| Cultural Attitudes & Ideas | The shared beliefs, values, and norms of a group that shape their perceptions, behaviors, and understanding of the world |
| Physical Landscape | All the natural physical surroundings that create and shape the places we are living in or examining |
| Industrial and Economic Landscape | refers to the combination of a region's industries, resources, and infrastructure, shaped by factors like technology, government policy, and the natural environment. |
| Agricultural landscape | The land that we farm on and what we choose to put were on our fields. Effects how much yield one gets from their plants. |
| indigenous landscape | living environment shaped by the cultural practices, spiritual beliefs, and traditional ecological knowledge |
| Postmodern architectural landscape | Typically made up of buildings in an urban area that are designed to be beautiful, dramatic, and eye-catching instead of functional. |
| sequent occupance | the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape |
| place making | how a culture makes a place fit their identity by shaping the landscape to show what they believe and value (buildings, statues, sacred sites, etc.) |
| centripetal force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state |
| centrifugal forces | a force that divides people and countries |
| absorbing barriers | Barriers that completely halt diffusion |
| permeable barriers | Barriers that slow diffusion, but still allow some partial or weakened diffusion |
| pidgin language | A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages. |
| creole language | a language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people in a place of the mother tongue |
| Creolization | foreign influences are absorbed and integrated with local meanings |
| lingua franca | A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages |
| cultural convergence | The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication. |
| cultural divergence | The likelihood or tendency for cultures to become increasingly dissimilar with the passage of time. |
| Cultural Hearth | Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture. |
| Language Family | A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history. |
| anatolian hypothesis | The Proto-Indo-European language peacefully spread through the innovation of agriculture. |
| Kurgan Hypothesis | The Proto-Indo-European language diffused from modern day Ukraine through conquest. |
| contemporay | refering to the more modern world |
| Sino-Tibetan | encompasses languages spoken in the People's Republic of China. |
| Afro-Asiatic | A large language family found primarily in North Africa and Southwest Asia. |
| toponym | The name given to a portion of Earth's surface. |
| generic toponym | a common noun or a term that describes the type or class of a geographical feature, such as a river, mountain, or valley |
| Ethnocentrism | thinking that your own culture, beliefs, or way of life is better or more “normal” than others. |
| 4 parts of religion | beliefs, practices, stories, and social organization |
| polytheistic | the belief in many gods |
| Animistic religion | a belief system where all things, both living and non-living, are thought to have a spiritual essence. This includes animals, plants, rocks, rivers, and weather, all of which are perceived as having spirits, agency, and free will. |
Created by:
Kyleah Siemion
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