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Unit 2 Study Guide
Fighting for Liberty
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This was a difference about the French and Indian War than previous European conflicts | The war began in North America and spread to Europe |
| Both France & Britain wanted control of this key trade and travel region | The Ohio River Valley |
| This specific region of the Ohio River Valley was the spark of the French and Indian War | The Forks |
| The English (American) commander who was responsible for the start of the French and Indian War | George Washington |
| The first battle of the French and Indian War | Jumonville Glen |
| The British reason for wanting to control the Ohio River Valley | Need for territory for expansion |
| The French reason for wanting to control the Ohio River Valley | Connecting military and trade outposts |
| Benjamin Franklin's 1754 plan to unite the colonies under their own self-rule | The Albany Plan of Union |
| This banned American Colonists from moving west, provoking anger at Britain | The Proclamation of 1763 (Proclamation line) |
| How did the British plan to pay for the French and Indian War? | By imposing many new taxes on the American Colonies |
| Required colonists to pay a tax for paper goods (newspapers, contracts, playing cards) | Stamp Act (1765) |
| Forced colonists to house and supply British soldiers | Quartering Act (1765) |
| Taxes on imported goods like tea, glass, and paint | Townshend Acts (1767) |
| Gave British East India Company control over tea sales in colonies | Tea Act (1773) |
| Punished Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor and limited self-government | Intolerable Acts (1774) |
| Colonial economic system which limited growth and sent all resources to England | Mercantilism |
| Widespread organized refusal to buy good or services | Boycott |
| Taxes on imports | Tariffs |
| Groups of American colonists that organized to exchange ideas and information | Committees of Correspondence |
| Radical American group that organized to fight against British control | The Sons of Liberty |
| Member of the Daughters of Liberty who helped organize the Boston Tea Party | Sarah Bradlee Fulton |
| December 1773 nighttime raid in Boston Harbor | The Boston Tea Party |
| Tragic event in March 1770 in which Crispus Attucks and four others were killed | The Boston Massacre |
| Rights you are born with — life, liberty, property | Natural Rights |
| People give power to government; government must protect rights. | Social Contract |
| English thinker who influenced Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence | John Locke |
| French thinker who influenced American government ideas | Montesquieu |
| Government power is divided into branches. | Separation of Powers |
| Branches of government can limit the others’ power. | Checks and Balances |
| Belief that rights that are obvious | Self-Evident |
| Wanted independence; Believed Britain violated rights; Strong in New England | Patriots |
| Wanted British rule; Saw rebellion as illegal/treason; Strong in Southern colonies | Loyalists |
| The "shot heard 'round the world" | Lexington & Concord |
| "Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes!" | Battle of Bunker Hill |
| Washington wins a needed victory in December 1776 | Battle of Trenton |
| Major American victory that convinced the French to join the American cause | The Battle of Saratoga |
| Winter camp for the Americans at which they struggled but became a stringer army | Valley Forge |
| Three men who rode to warn of the British march from Boston | Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott |
| Citizen soldiers | militia |
| Militia volunteers ready to fight quickly | Minutemen |
| This man was sent to France to negotiate an alliance | Benjamin Franklin |
| Main author of the Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| Nickname of the guerilla fighter Francis Marion | "Swamp Fox" |
| Site of the October 17, 1781 surrender of General Cornwallis | The Battle of Yorktown |
| German Mercenaries | Hessians |
| According to the Declaration of Independence, citizens have a right to do this if the government violates natural rights | "alter or abolish" |
| According to the Declaration of Independence, governments receive their "just powers" from | "the consent of the governed" |
| According to the Declaration of Independence these are rights that cannot be taken away | "unalienable" |
| According to the Declaration of Independence, Congress took its authority to declare independence from... | "the good People of these Colonies" |
| Why all people have natural rights | Because they are human |
| A 'scarecrow' type item that was used to intimidate political opponents | effigies |
| The colonists believed King George III had become this type of ruler | a tyrant |
| Cry of the colonists regarding taxes | "No taxation without representation" |
| Colonial group that authorized the Declaration of Independence | Second Continental Congress (1775-1789) |
| American General who later betrayed the Patriot cause | Benedict Arnold |
| A "phyric" victory for the British in the south | The Battle of Guilford Courthouse |
| Major American Victory that turned the tide of war in the South | The Battle of Cowpens |
| French soldier who fought with Washington | Marquis de Lafayette |
Created by:
cfernaldDSA
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