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anthropology ch 2
ch2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cultural adaptation | A complex of ideas, activities, and technologies that enable people to survive and even thrive in their environment. |
| cultural relativism | The idea that one must suspend judgment of other people’s practices in order to understand them in their own cultural terms. |
| enculturation | The process by which a society’s culture is passed on from one generation to the next and individuals become members of their society. |
| ethnic group | People who collectively and publicly identify themselves as a distinct group based on cultural features such as common origin, language, customs, and traditional beliefs. |
| ethnicity | This term, rooted in the Greek word ethnikos (“nation”) and related to ethnos (“custom”), is the expression of the set of cultural ideas held by an ethnic group. |
| gender | The cultural elaborations and meanings assigned to the biological differentiation between the sexes. |
| infrastructure | The economic foundation of a society, including its subsistence practices and the tools and other material equipment used to make a living. |
| pluralistic society | A society in which two or more ethnic groups or nationalities are politically organized into one territorial state but maintain their cultural differences. |
| social structure | The rule–governed relationships–with all their rights and obligations–that hold members of a society together. This includes households, families, associations, and power relations, including politics. |
| society | An organized group or groups of interdependent people who generally share a common territory, language, and culture and who act together for collective survival and well–being. |
| subculture | A distinctive set of ideas, values, and behavior patterns by which a group within a larger society operates, while still sharing common standards with that larger society. |
| superstructure | A society’s shared sense of identity and worldview. The collective body of ideas, beliefs, and values by which members of a society make sense of the world–its shape, challenges, and opportunities–and understand their place in it. |
Created by:
jmaris289
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