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madalynn myers
sci 221 - 02
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| total number of 46 chromosomes per cell is called the ____ | diploid number |
| what are 3 characteristics of meiosis? | 4 haploid gametes, reduction division, 2 steps of cell division |
| replication of DNA occurs at which phase of interphase? | S phase |
| meiosis results in ____ daughter cells that are ______ | four, haploid |
| prophase: chromatin ____ / metaphase: chromosomes ___ / anaphase: ___ separate at centromere and are ___ / telophase ___ reappears | P: condenses into chromosomes / M: align along the center of the cell /A: sister chromatids, pulled toward opposite poles by spindle fibers /T: nuclear envelope |
| what energy releasing or energy transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? | creatine phosphate; imported in prolonged intense exercise --> back up high energy molecule (donates phosphate to ADP to regenerate ATP "recharging") |
| diffusion requires ____ | a concentration gradient |
| transcription is the _____ of ______ | synthesis, mRNA |
| DNA is characterized by 4 things: | double helix shape, obligatory base pairing, deoxyribose sugar, phosphate groups |
| sodium pump: cellular energy (true or false), carrier system (true or false), pumps __ ions out and ___ in | true, true, 3 Na, 2 K |
| difference between diffusion and osmosis? | diffusion: molecules move from higher to lower concentration; osmosis: water molecules move to high solute concentration |
| final electron acceptor in the ETC/ETS | oxygen |
| if oxygen is available, pyruvate formed by glycolysis are prepared for the next phase known as ____ | citric acid cycle/krebs cycle |
| most important factor in determining physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? | degree of saturation; unsaturated = double bond(s) AKA reactive spots; saturated = straight chains, can pack tightly (solid at room temperature) |
| formation of sucrose involves removal of a water molecule via ____ | dehydration synthesis |
| peptide bonds join together molecules of ___ | amino acids (NH3+ in body; NH2 organically) |
| prostaglandins and steroids share what characteristics? | ring structure in their molecule, lipids, chemical messengers/signaling molecules; prostaglandins = local hormones, inflammation, pain, blood flow; steroids = hormones that travel further, regulate bigger processes |
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