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11 U.S. History
Colonial and Constitutional Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primary Source | a document, first-hand account, or other source that constitutes direct evidence of an object of study. |
| Secondary Source | a source that provides a second-hand explanation or analysis of primary sources. |
| Mercantilism | The economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism. |
| Salutary Neglect | So long as the colonists were keeping up their end of the mercantilist system, Great Britain left them alone to rule themselves. Most colonists considered themselves loyal British subjects through this period because they had many freedoms |
| The House of Burgesses | the first representative body in the colonies |
| The Mayflower Compact | example of a written document establishing local self-government |
| Fundamental Orders of CT | example of a written document establishing local self-government |
| Enlightenment Ideas & Natural Rights | Enlightenment philosophers described how people are endowed with certain inalienable natural rights. John Locke “life, liberty, property” Baron DeMontesquieu “separation of powers of government” Idea of the “consent of the governed” |
| Declaration of Independence | NOT a plan of government It is a statement of grievances by the colonists against the British king Written by Thomas Jefferson, it was inspired by John Locke |
| What did Thomas Paine write? | Thomas Paine wrote a pamphlet entitled “Common Sense” to convince people to support the cause of independence |
| What tactics did colonial people use to resist the British government? | Colonists organized together to spread the ideas of independence: they agreed not to buy or sell any products of Great Britain; they dumped British tea into the Port of Boston to protest |
| What were the Articles of Confederation? | It laid out the plan of the first American government. Provided enough structure for the USA to defeat the British. Included how new states were to be settled |
| What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | States are stronger than federal government. Federal government did not have the power to tax. Federal government did not have the power to raise an army |
| What was the Northwest Ordinance? | A law passed under the Articles of Confederation by the Continental Congress that established procedure for the admission of new states to the Union |
| What was the Constitutional Convention? | At the Constitutional Convention, representatives were going to rewrite the Constitution, but it needed to be completely overhauled |
| What was the Great Compromise? | The legislature would be divided into two parts: Senate |
| House of Representatives | Representation based on the size of the population. The number of representatives in a state is based on the population size of the state |
| What is Federalism? | Federalism is the division of power between the federal, state, and local governments |
| What does Limited Government mean? | The Government does not have all the power like a dictator or a king. |
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