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unit 3 APHG vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the way people live and share their beliefs, traditions, language, values, and lifestyle. | Culture |
| an object made or used by people that represents something about their culture. | Artifact |
| a set of ideas, practices, and things that a large number of people like to do across the world. | Popular Culture |
| the beliefs, practices, and customs that have been passed down through generations within a certain group of people. | Traditional Culture |
| expectations or rules that people follow in a society that guide how people should behave. | Cultural Norms |
| when people judge other cultures based on the belief that their own culture is better or more important (their way is the “right” way). | Ethnocentrism |
| the features people have shaped in an area that reflect their culture, such as buildings, roads, farms, and monuments. | Cultural Landscape |
| a group of people that are connected by shared culture, language, or ancestors. | Ethnicity |
| part of a city where people with the same cultural background live close together, often sharing the same language, food, and traditions. | Ethnic Neighborhoods |
| the name of a specific place or area | Toponyms |
| something that brings people in a group together and makes them feel connected through shared ideas, religion, language, and identity. | Centripetal Force |
| something that pulls people apart and creates tension within a community or country. | Centrifugal Force |
| when people move from one place to another, bringing their different cultures, language, traditions, and ideas with them. | Relocation Diffusion |
| when something spreads quickly from person to person through a population | Contagious Diffusion |
| when something spreads from big, important places or people to smaller or less influential ones. | Hierarchical Diffusion |
| Even if a new cultural idea or technology doesn’t become popular at first, over time it can catch on and influence the mainstream, sometimes in a changed or altar’d form. | Stimulus Diffusion |
| a common language that helps people from different language backgrounds understand each other. | Lingua Franca |
| when different cultures, traditions, and languages blend together to create something new. | Creolization |
| when different cultures become more similar and connected through shared ideas, technology, and interactions. | Cultural Convergence |
| when cultures become more distant or separated because of different beliefs or limited interaction caused by physical/social barriers | Cultural Divergence |
| when a culture adopts new things from other cultures but still keeps its own traditions. | Acculturation |
| when someone gives up almost all of their original culture and adapts to the culture of another group. | Assimilation |
| when different cultures mix their beliefs, religions, or ideas to create something new. | Syncretism |
| when different cultures live in the same area but maintain their original traditions and customs. | Multiculturalism |
| when someone from one culture adopts elements from another culture without respecting or understanding their true meaning. | Cultural Appropriation |
| a group of languages that originally came from one original language | Language Family |
| a smaller group from a language family with a more recent common ancestor. | Language Branch |
| set of languages from a branch that are very closely related and originated from the same language. | Language Groups |
| Religions that try to spread and appeal to people everywhere, no matter their background. | Universalizing Religions |
| religions that are usually tied to one group of people or place and don’t try to spread to others. | Ethnic Religions |
| a country that someone legally lives in and is usually proven with a drivers license or passport. | Nationality |
| the language that is widely accepted and used throughout a country for education, government, and communication. | Standard Language |
| the official language a country and government is supposed to use for documents, laws, and business. | Official Language |
| to share your beliefs with someone else in order to make them convert to your religion. | Proselytize |
| when people follow the core rules of their religion without being influenced or changing from modern ideas. | Fundamentalism |
| when a trend or idea starts in small or less influential places or groups and slowly gains popularity until it becomes mainstream. | Reverse Hierarchical diffusion |
| when people adopt a characteristic that isn't beneficial for them, or doesn't make sense. | Maladaptive diffusion |
| when two languages bond together and form a new language that’s clean, educational, and replicated. | Creole language |
| a sloppier form of two languages mixed together so people can communicate when they don’t share a common language. | Pidgin language |
| making places look very similar to each other by removing their unique identity | Placelessness |
| when the culture of the people living in or owning a place is reflected in its landscape. | Placemaking |
| Identify the main colonizers in South America | Spain and Portugal |
| Identify the main colonizers in Asia | Britain, France, and Netherlands |
| Identify the main colonizers in Africa | Britain, France, Portugal, Belgium, Italy |
| Identify the European languages that are spoken in South America | Spanish and Portuguese |
| Identify the European languages that are spoken in Asia | English, french, and dutch |
| Identify the European languages that are spoken in Africa | English, french, portuguese, french, and italian |
| physical objects created by a certain culture that you are able to touch or see | Material Culture |
| parts of a culture that aren't physical such as ideas, beliefs, and practices. | Nonmaterial Culture |
| turning something that wasn’t originally bought or sold into a product that can make a profit. | Commodification |
| celebrating a shared culture within a group and trying to protect and preserve it from outside influences. | Cultural Nationalism |
| one culture dominating and influencing other cultures by replacing their local customs through media, political power, or even business | Cultural Imperialism |
| some type of actions expected of people in a certain country/culture and considered an offence if you don't do it | Custom |
| a repetitive action an individual does regularly | Habit |
| something people in a country or culture consider very wrong or offensive- could be illegal | Taboo |
| writing that's considered universal and not tied to any specific language, culture, or country. | Ideographic Writing |
| some type of symbol tied to a language or culture but only understood by the people in that culture or place. | Logograms |
| a physical place where you see two or more cultures mix together | Cultural transition zone |
| the belief that natural things such as plants, animals, trees, or water have a certain life source. | Animism |
| the origin point of where a religion first started and spread from | Religious Hearth |
| Religious Hearth of Hinduism | (South Asia)- the Indus river valley |
| Religious Hearth of Chrisitanity | (Eastern Mediterranean) Jerusalem |
| Religious Hearth of Islam | (Arabian Peninsula) between Mecca and Medima |
| Religious Hearth of Judaism | (Eastern Mediterranean) Jerusalem |
| Religious Hearth of Buddhism | (South Asia- spreads to East Asia)- Northern India |
| when different groups each live in the same place throughout history and left behind parts of their culture that help shape the area. | Sequent Occupancy |
| Symmetrical and historical style using natural materials like wood, stone, and brick. | Traditional architecture |
| A mix of old and new styles, bright colors, symbolic with modern materials (steel, glass, concrete) | Postmodern architecture |
| South America main religions: | Christianity (Roman Catholicism) |
| Asia main religions: | Hinduism, Islam, and some Christianity |
| Africa main religions: | Islam and Christianity |
| a religious structure with different levels and the top leaders make the rules for people below. | Hierarchical religious structure |
| you don't need anyone on this planet to achieve the ultimate goal religiously | Autonomous religious structure |
| the separation of anything religious such as teachings and symbols in public places | Secularism |
| the way religions spread within a single region | Intraregional religious patterns |
| the way religions are spread within different regions/countries | Interregional religious patterns |
| when you have the government and religious leader as the same | Theocracy |
Created by:
savannah hindman
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