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Exam 2
Chapters 6-8 for PSYC 110-04
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which type of memory decays the fastest? | Iconic |
| Damage to the hippocampus can result in the inability to remember things that have happened since the damage occurred. What is this called? | Anterograde amnesia |
| Memory of your first day of college is an example of _____ memory. | Explicit |
| The persistence of intrusive memories, such as flashbulb memories. What result is this from? | Highly emotional experiences |
| Unlike semantic encoding, visual imagery encoding shows activation of the _____ lobe. | Occipital |
| Which statement would a person MOST likely remember later the same day? | There's a venomous snake near your foot. |
| The more times a memory is retrieved, the more accurate it becomes. True or False? | False |
| How long does it take echoic memories to decay? | 5 seconds |
| The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of blocking. True or False? | True |
| Marion can recognize the faces of almost all of her high school classmates 50 years after graduation by retrieving the information from her | Long term memory |
| Define Egocentric bias | We tend to exaggerate a change between the present and the past in order to make ourselves look good in retrospect. |
| Refers to active maintenance of information in short-term storage. Basically, how we work with short-term memories. This is called: | Working memory |
| What brain region is associated with successful memory retrieval? | Increased activity in the hippocampus |
| What is the role of the left frontal cortex in memory retrieval? | Leads to struggling to recall the memory |
| What accompanies failure to retrieve a memory? | Increased frontal lobe activity |
| Define implicit memory. | Occurs when past experiences influence later behavior and performance without effort to remember |
| What is episodic memory? | A collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place |
| What does transience refer to in memory? | Degradation of memories over time |
| What is retroactive interference? | Later learning impairs memory for information acquired earlier |
| What is proactive interference? | Earlier learned information impairs memory for information acquired later |
| Define absentmindedness. | A lapse in attention that results in memory failure |
| What is prospective memory? | Remembering to do things in the future |
| What is blocking in memory? | A failure to retrieve information that is available in memory |
| Define suggestibility in the context of memory. | The tendency to incorporate misleading information from external sources into personal recollection |
| What is source memory? | Recall of when, where, and how information was acquired |
| What is memory misattribution? | Assigning a source memory to the wrong source |
| Define false recognition. | A form of memory misattribution that produces a feeling of familiarity about something not previously encountered |
| The _____ receives the signal for hunger | hypothalamus |
| Studying hard for an exam to get good grades and a scholarship is an example of: emotion regulation. | Extrinsic motivation |
| How is Intrinsic motivation different then extrinsic motivation? | Intrinsic motivation is doing actions that are rewarding in that very moment while extrinsic is a long term payout. |
| The fast pathway of threat detection involves the cortex. True or False? | False |
| Marco has been laughing and smiling all day and seems exceptionally happy today. According to the _____ theory of emotion, Marco is happy as a result of smiling and laughing. | James- Lange Theory |
| Jean frequently eats unusually large amounts of snack foods and then makes herself vomit. It is likely that Jean is suffering from: | Bulimia Nervosa |
| Leptin stops the hunger process, True or False? | True |
| What Amnesia is the inability to retrieve information that was required before a certain date? | Retrograde amnesia |
| What is the Two-factor theory of emotion? | When stimuli trigger a general state of physiological arousal, which is then viewed as a specific emotion |
| A parent stops nagging once their child cleans their room. What is this an example of? | Negative reinforcement |
| What does the facial feedback hypothesis suggest? | Changing our facial expressions can influence emotional experiences |
| Although Anna wants to cry because she's being yelled at, she shows no expression on her face. What is this an example of? | Neutralizing |
| How is Deintensification different from intensification? | You are downplaying expressions of ones emotions while intensification is exaggerating it. |
| In classical conditioning, what role does the neutral stimulus play before conditioning occurs? | It is paired with the unconditioned stimulus to become a conditioned stimulus |
| In Pavlov’s experiment with dogs, what was the conditioned stimulus? | The Bell |
| What brain regions are associated with operant conditioning? | The pathway between the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area is heavily involved in the rewarding/”pleasure centers” |
| Which of the following is an example of positive punishment in operant conditioning? | A child is given extra chores after talking back to a parent. |
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