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U.S History Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism | Obtain as much gold and silver as possible. Establish trade so more is sold than bought. Colonies are important to this process. |
| Salutary Neglect | England allowed colonies to develop on their own as long as they benervited England |
| Navigation Acts | 1. No country could trade with colonies unless goods were shipped in colonial or English ships. 2. Ships crew have to be 3/4 English or Colonial. 3.Colonies could exports goods to England only. 4. Goods for Europe be unloaded at English ports |
| Southern Colonies | Economy centered around a cash crop and were near river for transport to Northern colonies and England. Plantations made most of the money and slavers were used down here. |
| Navigation Acts | 1. No country could trade with colonies unless goods were shipped in colonial or English ships. 2. Ships crew have to be 3/4 English or Colonial. 3.Colonies could exports goods to England only. 4. Goods for Europe be unloaded at English ports |
| Northern Colonies | More diverse economy that attracted immigrants. Ships, irons and other goods were produced. Cities grew from ports and many cash crops were grown. Less slavery |
| Indentured Servants | Servants and Natives were used in the south but stopping being used after Natives escaped west with knwolodege of the colonies and slaves were heard about. |
| Slaves | Brought from Afruca to West Indies to America and worked their entire lifes and cost more than servants |
| Southern Colonies | Economy centered around a cash crop and were near river for transport to Northern colonies and England. Plantations made most of the money and slavers were used down here. |
| Northern Colonies | More diverse economy that attracted immigrants. Ships, irons and other goods were produced. Cities grew from ports and many cash crops were grown. Less slavery |
| Indentured Servants | Servants and Natives were used in the south but stopping being used after Natives escaped west with knwolodege of the colonies and slaves were heard about. |
| Slaves | Brought from Afruca to West Indies to America and worked their entire lifes and cost more than servants |
| Stamp Act (March 1765) | First direct tax on the colonies that required special stamped paper for every legal document |
| Sons Of Liberty | Founded by Sam Adams and protested the Stamp Act and responsible for the Boston Tea Party |
| Sugar Act | Passed by the Parliament to offset war debt from the French And Indian War by increasing prices on imported goods |
| Stamp Act Protests | Sons of Liberty protested the act throughout the colonies and boycotted British goods until the act was repealed in March 1766 |
| Townshend Acts (1767) | Indirect tax on imports that had a 3 penny tax on tea which upset the colonitsts |
| Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770) | Clash between soldiers and colonists over Shipyard jobs and resulted in the death of 5 people though Sam Adams hyped it up as a slaughter against innocent citizens |
| Committees Of Correspondence | Allowed communication between the colonies about threats to American liberties |
| Boston Tea Party (December 16, 1773) | Sons Of Liberty dressed up as Native Americans and dumped 15,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor in response to the Tea Act |
| Intolerable Acts | 1. Boston Harbor shut down because the lost tea wasn't paid for 2. Soldiers could be placed in homes to spy because of the Quatering Act 3. Boston was put under control by the military |
| 1st Continental Congress | The colonies gathered together to write the Declaration of Colonal Rights |
| 2nd Continental Congress | The colonies couldn't agree on independence from England. The colonial army was located around Boston and future 1st president George Washington |
| Olive Branch Petition | Sent by the 2nd Continental Congress to avoid war with England |
| Common Sense | An annoynous 47 pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that criticized the monarchy and King George III |
| Deceleration Of Independence (July 4, 1776) | Written by Thomas Jefferson and declared the colonies independence from England |
| Loyalists | Those who opposed independence and remained loyal to the Crown |
| Patriots | People who supported the colonies independence |
| The Battle Of Saratoga | Turning point of the war that inspired France to assist the rebels for payback against Britain for beating them in the French and Indian War |
| Commerical Treaty | Designed to extend trading and Maritime agreements between the two countries |
| Conditional and Defensive Alliance | Each party would not stop fighting until the colonies gain independence officially or if the war is ended by treaties. If France and Britain were to fight the, American colonies would fight if France until they were both satisfied |
| Battle Of Yorktown | The British commander Cornwallis surrendered on October 19, 1781 after being defeated by the Revolutionary Army with assistance of the French army and navy |
| Treaty of Paris (September 3, 1783) Part 1 | 1. U.S had full indepednece 2. Americas boundaries were north of 45th parallel, west of the Mississippi RIver and south to the 31st parallel 3. Unlimited fishing rights in Newfoundland and Gulf of St. Lawrence 4. U.S and England could use Mississpi River |
| Treaty of Paris (September 3, 1783) Part 2 | 5. Debts had to be payed 6. Loyalist property had to be returned 7. England had to withdraw all troops from the colonies |
| Articles Of Confederation | An outline for the colony's new government after gaing independence from England |
| Federal Form of Government | Delegates were chosen by state legislatures rather than voters. 1 vote per state, Create and enforce laws all rested with congress |
| Land Ordinance of 1787 | System for distributing western lands where plots were dived up into 640 acre pieces and sold $1 per acre |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Set up a regional government until 60,000 people lived there, then they could request to become a state |
| Glorious Revolution | King James II was overthrown by protestant leaders and replaced by his protestant daughter |
| Triangle Trade | Trade system connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Prohibbited white people from colonizing Appalacion Mountains |
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