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Public Policy quiz 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| why are gov debts/deficiencies growing? | we expect more from gov; spending increased |
| do we have a big government? | left wants bigger gov (e.g. more welfare, etc), right wants less gov (i.e. less gov overreach); we're generally skeptical of gov |
| what do gov agencies do? | provide public goods, provide services ppl don't want provided by public sector (e.g. electricity, water), regulation |
| bureaucracy info | can't vote out bureaucrats (not elected but make policy), expected to act in public interest (subjective) |
| bureaucrats given more/less discretion based on | expertise, authority, leadership, political acceptability |
| agency capture | appointees are more interested in bureaucracy than what the president wants |
| e.g. of bureaucrat working w/out public acceptability | RFK Jr for United States Secretary of Health and Human Services |
| courts are neither | impotent or all-powerful |
| courts rely on | enforcement by other actors (e.g. exec/leg); most decisions respected (except Trump); no "teeth" if not listened to |
| who makes policy? | courts |
| logic of the courts | legal reasoning and judicial review |
| judiciary review | power of courts to review and strike down acts of leg and exec; first proclaimed by 1803 Marbury v. Madison |
| Marbury v. Madison 1803 | supreme court chief justice Marbury established judicial review: power of courts to declare laws void/unconstitutional |
| are courts democratic? | undemocratic; not elected and are appointed for life |
| how does one balance popular will w/ constitution? e.g. | Dobbs decision to overturn Roe v. Wade |
| federal branch | supreme court; courts of appeal; district court |
| supreme court | writ of certidari process; highest court in fed system; 9 judges decide to hear cases; limited og jurisdiction |
| courts of appeal | can only appeal if legal errors; 12 regional circuit court and DC circuit; no og jurisdiction, only appellate |
| district court | lowest level; 94 districts; no appellate jurisdiction; og juristiction for most cases |
| most cases die where? | on committee; before they reach fed level |
| unofficial actors | individual citizens, interest groups, political parties, think tanks and research groups, news media |
| problems w/ citizen engagement | low election turnout, knowledge, motivation; low levels of activity (e.g. rallies, petitions, joining groups) |
| young ppl are... (in regards to gov) | traditionally the least engaged |
| what do citizens want? | most benefits for least cost, for others to pay for our benefits |
| what sparks greater motivation? | threats to livelihood or lifestyle; belief a problem exists and that gov can address |
| why are interest groups important? | aggregation of resources and members (power), forming "advocacy coalitions"; major growth in 1960s |
| social movements are rare and include broad range of groups, e.g. | civil rights, women's rights, gay rights, Black Lives Matter |
| types of interest groups | institutional interest groups, membership interest groups |
| institutional interest groups | membership bc you belong to particular category (e.g. all students, undergrad, faculty) |
| membership interest groups | groups you choose to join |
| why do ppl join groups? | benefits (economic well-being/gain), desire to do good, belonging/identify, desire to make voice heard, freebies |
| types of membership groups | economic (private interest), public interest, other (e.g. churches) |
| economic membership groups (private interest) | interested in benefits for members; e.g. NRA |
| public interest groups | want broad benefits for everyone; hard to define a single "public" interest |
| what do groups do? | lobbying (provide info), support candidates (money, votes), mobilize members to take action, sue, protests, "direct action" |
| differences in group power | resources (money, info), size, reasons for membership (direct economic incentives, materials inducements), common goals |
| political parties | aggregate preferences into broad coalitions, organize leg, opportunities for participation |
| political parties part 2 | integrate national and state politics, conflicts over issues that influence policy, need bipartisan cooperation |
| think tanks | research orgs provide info on public policy; private but sometimes ideological, university, often research-oriented |
| think tank goals | provide research and info for policy makers to promote "public interest"; influence public policy, often consistent w/ their ideas |
| think tank numbers have grown bc | desire for influence in politics, ideological sponsorship, proliferation of particular interests |
| difference between interest groups and think tanks | organization, goals, techniques for asserting influence |
| news media | "watch dogs", very little news investigative, most news is wire service copy or press releases or beat system |
| watch dogs | role assumed by first amendment, investigative journalism, "muckraking"; e.g. Watergate |
| why does news consumption matter for policy? | narrower audiences, fractioning; local news suffering; national newspapers important; news sites accommodate to media enviro |
| implications of new media | news comes from same sources (same routines, same biases); more broadcast capacity (e.g. podcasting), is this news? |
Created by:
lector_noche
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