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PCC exam 1 Questions
Class material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the primary goals of patient centered care? | To improve individual health outcomes, not just population health outcomes, although population outcomes may also improve. |
| What is Bradycardia? | slow heart rate (HR < 60 bpm) |
| What is Tachycardia? | fast heart rate (HR > 100 bpm) |
| What does Heart Rate mean? | The number of times the heart beats per minute. |
| How do you find one's HR? | Locate artery, place middle and index finger on artery, feel the pumps and count each pump for 30 seconds (if normal) then multiply by 2 |
| what are the benefits of patient centered care? | Improved satisfaction scores among patients. Enhanced reputation. Better morale and productivity among clinicians and ancillary staff. Improved resource allocation. Reduced expenses and increased financial margins throughout the continuum of care. |
| What does patient centered care look like in practice? | • Trusted, personal relationships • Empathy • Two-way communication • Eye-to-eye contact • Referral to peer • Patient's take ownership of their health• Transparency • Timely updates • Precision medicine |
| What does PPCP mean? | Pharmacist Patient Care Process |
| What is subjective information? | • Information cannot be measured or observed • Limited in ability to verify accuracy |
| What is objective information? | • Measurable or observable information that is not influenced by memory, emotion, or prejudice • Verifiable through medical records, direct measurements, examinations |
| What are examples of subjective information? | • Symptoms (Sx) or chief complaint (CC) • History of present illness (HPI) • Past medical history (PMH) • Social history (SH) • Family History (FH) |
| what are examples of Objective Information? | • Vital signs • Physical Exam (PE) • Laboratory tests |
| What would you use to provide valuable information concerning a patient's general health status? | Vital Signs |
| What is Baseline? | • Measurements that are compared to the normal range for the patient's age and to the patient's previous measurements |
| What are some examples of Vital signs? | • Temperature (T) • Heart rate (HR) • Respiratory rate (RR) • Oxygen Saturation (O2Sat or SpO2) • Blood pressure (BP) |
| What is the normal Temperature (T) of an adult? | 95.9-99.6 degrees F (we're like butter) |
| what's considered a fever? | anything over 99.6 degrees F (so sad) |
| FUN FACT!! what is the most accurate way of taking temperature? | Through the rectum (rectal thermometer) |
| what is Hyperthermia? | high body temperature |
| What is hyperpyrexia? | Extreme elevation in temperature: above 106 degrees F |
| What is Hypothermia? | when the body temperature of a victim is too low (less than 95 F and 35 C) |
| What are the different ways of taking Temperature? | Rectal: thermometer placed in rectum Oral: thermometer placed in the mouth under the tongue Axillary: thermometer is placed in the armpit Tympanic: thermometer is placed in the ear. Temporal Artery: thermometer scans the surface of the forehead |
| When to refer high temperatures as Fever | ≥100.4°F and symptomatic ≥100.4°F plus nonresponsive to medication and lasts longer than 3 days. ≥104°F (basically dead) |
| What Factors can effect body temp? | • Biological rhythms • Hormones: ↑ temp • Exercise: ↑ temp • Age: ↓ normal body temp with aging • Infection• Medications |
| What does HR stand for? | Heart rate!!! (yes!) |
| What is the normal HR for adults? | 60-100 bpm |
| FUNNN FAAACTTT TIMMMEEE!!!!! why is it normal for some people to have lower heart rates? | Because some people are show-offs and exercise and have a better heart. |
| What are some factors that effect HR? | Blood pressure Medications (drugs...) Body Temperature (Nice to feel) Pain (my fav!!) Exercise...(no comment) |
| What does RR stand for? | respiratory rate |
| Normal values for respiration for an adult? | 12-20 rpm (at rest) |
| what is Bradypnea? | abnormally slow breathing (RR < 12 rpm) (that's you in the pic) |
| What is Tachypnea? | Fast breathing (RR > 20 rpm) (me walking to classes, smh) |
| What is Dyspnea? | shortness of breath (usually more subjective feeling reported by the patient) |
| What are some factors that effect RR? | • Pain and emotional state: ↑ RR • Resistance from air passages (e.g., asthma): ↑RR • Fever: ↑RR • Xanax, albuterol, stimulants, opioids or drug overdose: ↑ or ↓ RR (how do I keep finding you in these pics?) |
| How does one take RR? | 1. pretend you're taking HR 2. Watch patient's chest and abdomen for respirations 3. Count the number of respirations in 30 seconds and multiply by two if rate is regular a. If irregular, count the number of respirations in one minute |
| What is oxygen saturation? | Oxygen saturation is a measure of the amount of oxygen carried in the blood. |
| What is a Normal O2Sat (Oxygen Saturation) | 95-100% |
| What is Hypoxemia? | when oxygen levels are low in the blood. (can you guess? YEP IT"S YOU AGAIN!!! HAHAHAHAHAHA) |
| How does one measure Oxygen saturation? | Place the pulse oximeter to the patient index or middle fingertip |
| What factors effect O2Sat? | •Medical Conditions (asthma, COPD) •Obstruction of an artery in the lung •Elevation •Fluid in the lungs •Smoking (over time) (CAUGH CAUGH ugh STOP THAT!! that's not nice!) |
| What does BP stand for? | blood pressure (some flow-dead flowers for you!!) |
| What is Blood Pressure? | the force of the blood against the arterial walls. |
| How is blood pressure recorded? | recorded as 2 numbers (e.g., 120/80) in mmHg |
| What does the 2 numbers in BP represent? | •Top number is the systolic blood pressure (SBP) •Bottom number is the diastolic pressure (DBP) |
| What is SBP? (Not the abbreviation) | the increased pressure on the arteries as the heart contracts and forces blood through the arteries |
| What is DBP? (Not the abbreviation) | the decreased pressure on the arteries when the heart is at rest as the ventricles rest before contracting again |
| Do you understand how to take BP? | Yes? (NO! no question that you do, either YES!!!!! or NO!!!!!) |
| Know what BMI stands for I guess? | Body Mass Index |
| What does the abbreviation BSA stand for? | Body Surface area |
| What can happen with BMI? | BMI Inaccuracies, sometimes misrepresents a person because they are muscular and other factors. (UGGGHHHhhhh I'm not looking!) (o ) _____ (o ) |
| What is edema? | Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissue. (I got a photo of your foot) (I DO NOT HAVE A FOOT FETTISH!!!!!) (nasty PERSON) |
Created by:
oakes9
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