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HGAP Unit 2 Vocab

TermDefinition
agricultural density The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land
anti-natalist policy attempt to decrease the number of births in a country and are often used by developing countries
arable land land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops
arithmetic density The amount of people per unit area of all land
carrying capacity The maximum population an environment can sustain without environmental damage
crude birth rate the number of live births occurring in area per 1,000 people in 1 year in a country
crude death rate The number of deaths occurring among 1000 people of a given geographical area during a given year
demographic momentum A phenomenon in which a country with a large percentage of young people (usually a less developed country) typically will have a continued population growth. Once the young people grow beyond a child-bearing age, the population will overall decrease.
demographic transition model (DTM) shows 5 typical stages of population change that countries experience as they modernize
demography study of statistics like births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, illustrate the changing structure of human populations
dependency ratio a measure of the portion of a population which is composed of people who are too young or too old to work
doubling rate the period of time it takes for the population to double in size
ecumene The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.
Epidemiologic Transition Model model that explains the shift in cause-of-death patterns that comes with the over-all decline of death rates; pairs with the demographic transition theory
infant mortality rate number of deaths among babies under one year of age for each thousand live births in a given year
life expectancy A figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live
maternal mortality rate the death of a woman from pregnancy related causes during pregnancy or within 42 days of pregnancy per 100,000 live births
Natural Increase Rate percentage at which a country's population is growing or declining without the impact of migration
Negative Population Growth population is actually decreasing in a country because people aren't having enough babies to replace the amount of people dying
Neo-Malthusians People today who have applied Malthus' basic ideas(Malthusian Theory of Population) to modern conditions
Pandemic an outbreak of a disease that is spread over a country or the world
Physiological Density the number of people per unit area of arable land
Population Pyramid A model used in population geography to show the age and sex distribution of a particular population
Pronatalist Policies government policies that encourage child birth (increase the fertility rate) such as tax breaks and flexible work hours
Replacement rate the total amount of births needed for a population to replace itself EXAMPLE: The average replacement rate is from 2.1 to 2.5 in most countries
sex ratio the ratio of males to females in a population
Thomas Malthus an English scholar who created a theory -It stated that population growth will eventually outrun our food supply so there must be a restriction on human reproduction
Total Fertility Rate The average number of children who would be born per woman of that group in a country, assuming every woman lived through her childbearing years(15-49)
Zero Population Growth occurs when the birth rate equals the death rate, when the population of a country stops increasing
Created by: sarab123
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