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7th ch 3&4 ss
7th gr ch 3 & 4 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| discrimination | unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group |
| segregation: | the social separation of the races |
| civil rights: | the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law |
| affirmative action: | programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities |
| racial profiling: | singling out an individual as a suspect due to appearance of ethnicity |
| Libel and slander: | written and spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| Search warrant: | a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect's home or business and take specific items of evidence |
| Double jeopardy: | putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was previously acquitted |
| Bill of Rights: | the first 10 amendments to the Constitution |
| Implied and expressed powers: | powers that Congress has that are not stated explicitly and implicitly in the Constitution |
| censorship: | the banning of printed materials or films due to alarming or offensive ideas |
| civil liberties: | freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment |
| petition: | a formal request for government action |
| slander: | spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| libel: | written untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| federalism | a form of government in which power is divided between federalist or national government and the states |
| ratify | to vote approval of |
| Three fifths compromise | counts slaves as 3/5 of a person |
| anti federalist | opposed to federalism |
| description of delegates at constitutional convention | educated, professionals, politically experienced |
| constitutional convention | to revise articles of confederation |
| year of convention | 1787 |
| popular sovereignty | power resides with the people |
| justices of supreme court | have the final say on the constitution; final interpretation of the constitution |
| electoral college | a group of people who would be needed by each state legislative to select the president and the vice president |
| great compromise | established three brances of government, with a basis of representation (house and senate) |
| House of Representatives | based on population |
| senate | equal; 2 senators per state |
| How many amendments are in the Bill of Rights? | 10 |
| Internet communication, a painting, or an article of clothing can all be examples of __________. | freedom of speech |
| A crime in which a person spreads spoken lies is called __________. | slander |
| The right to a jury trial in a criminal case is found in the __________ Amendment. | sixth |
| Protection from being forced to testify against oneself is stated in the __________ Amendment. | fifth |
| People who feel that the death penalty should be eliminated because it is "cruel and unusual punishment" are referring to the __________ Amendment. | eighth |
| The phrase "Civil War amendments" refers to the __________ Amendments. | thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth |
| The __________ Amendment prohibits slavery in the United States. | 13th |
| The Nineteenth Amendment __________. | extending voting rights to women |
| President __________ ordered an end to segregation in the nation's armed forces. | harry truman |
| constitutional convention | meeting of state delegates in 1787 leading to adoption of new Constitution |
| legislative branch | the lawmaking branch of government |
| executive branch | the branch of government that carries out the laws |
| judicial branch | the branch of government that interprets laws |
| great compromise | agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation |
| three fifths compromise | agreement providing that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of other persons in determining representation in Congress |
| supporters of the constitution | supporters of the Constitution |
| preamble | the opening section of the Constitution |
| amendment | any change in the Constitution |
| bill of rights | the first 10 amendments to the Constitution |
| income tax | a tax on people's earnings |
| rule of law | principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern |
| checks and balances | a system in which each branch of government is able to check, or restrain, the power of the others |
| separation of powers | the split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches |
| expressed powers | powers that Congress has that are specifically listed in the Constitution |
| reserved powers | powers that the Constitution does not give to the national government that are kept by the states |
| concurrent powers | powers shared by the state and federal governments |
| The Virginia Plan called for a government with __________ branch(es). | three |
| The Great Compromise was proposed by __________. | roger sherman |
| Those who supported ratifying the new Constitution were called __________. | federalists |
| Which part of the Constitution explains the purposes of the government? | preamble |
| Article I describes the __________ branch. | legislative |
| To amend the Constitution, a proposal must be made by __________ of the members of Congress | 2/3 |
| The principle that the power to rule comes from the people is known as __________. | popular sovereignty |
| examples of the principle of checks and balances __________. | Congress passing a bill the president vetoing a bill Congress impeaching a president |
| not an example of checks and balances | the Supreme Court declaring a law unconstitutional |
| Powers specifically granted only to the national (federal) government are called __________. | expressed powers |
| who was the main leader of the Civil Rights movement in the 1950s | Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. |
| how many justices are there on the Supreme Court | nine |
| who has the power to declare war | congress |
| which article describes the legislative branch | 1 |
| which article describes the executive brance | 2 |
| which article describes the judicial branch | 3 |
| allows congress to make any laws the constitution does not specifically forbid | necessary and proper clause |
| In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been | 6 |
| A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. | 2 |
| Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redre | 1 |
| No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in wartime or public danger | 5 |
| Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. | 8 |
| no person subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself | 5 |
Created by:
fhershey
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