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colonial life/gov
('25-'26)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was the main goal of the British policy of mercantilism toward the American colonies? | To get raw materials from the colonies and sell finished products to them, making the mother country (England) wealthy. |
| What were the main differences between the Massachusetts and Virginia colonies? | Massachusetts was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom and had small farms and towns. Virginia was settled by businessmen seeking wealth from large tobacco plantations worked by enslaved people. |
| In what way was the Mayflower Compact an early example of democracy in America? | It was an agreement by the people to govern themselves. |
| What was the House of Burgesses? | The first elected legislature in the American colonies, which allowed people to elect representatives. |
| Who did the work on the early plantations in Virginia? | Slaves did most of the work also Indentured Servants who paid their passage to the colonies by doing work. |
| How was the British policy of salutary neglect good for both the British king and the American colonies? | The King saved money on administration and still profited from trade. The colonists gained greater freedom in their daily lives and government. |
| The earliest colonies in North America were... | Jamestown, Virginia (for tobacco profit), Massachusetts Bay/Plymouth (for Puritan religious freedom), and New Amsterdam/New York (for Dutch fur trading). |
| Why were the first colonies built on the Atlantic Coast? | It was better for trade, being close to the water. |
| What was mercantilism? | An economic policy where a "mother country" (England) used colonies for raw materials and as new markets for their products. The colonies could not compete economically. |
| What was the policy of salutary neglect? | The British mostly left the American colonies alone in their day-to-day lives, as long as they kept shipping raw materials to England and buying British goods. |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | An agreement for self-government made by the first Puritan settlers in Massachusetts. |
| What was the House of Burgesses? | The first elected legislature in the American colonies (in Virginia), a step toward representative government. |
| Mercantilism | An economic policy where a nation's wealth is increased through government regulation of its commercial interests. In this case, England benefited from the American colonies' raw materials and markets. |
| Salutary Neglect | The unofficial policy of the British government in which they relaxed their enforcement of regulations in the American colonies in exchange for continued economic loyalty. |
| Puritans | English Protestants who founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony, seeking religious freedom from the Church of England. |
| Mayflower Compact | The governing document of Plymouth Colony, signed by the male passengers of the Mayflower, which established a self-governing colony. |
| House of Burgesses | The first legislative assembly in the American colonies, established in the Colony of Virginia. |
| Plantation | A large farm in the colonies, particularly in Virginia, that focused on cash crops like tobacco and relied heavily on enslaved labor. |
| Cold winters, mild summers, and rocky soil unsuitable for large-scale farming. | New England- climate |
| Based on the sea and forests, including shipbuilding, fishing, whaling, and logging. Subsistence farming was also common. | New England- economy |
| Primarily for religious freedom, especially for Puritans seeking to create a "holy commonwealth". | New England- reason for settling |
| Dominated by Puritanism, with life centered on the church. Town meetings were common. Society was generally less tolerant of other religions. | New England- religion |
| Middle Colonies: Climate and Geography | Temperate climate with warm summers and cold winters. Fertile soil and navigable rivers. |
| Middle Colonies: Economy: | A mix of agriculture and industry. Known as the "breadbasket colonies" for their grain production (wheat, rye, corn) and important for shipbuilding and trade. |
| Middle Colonies: Reason for Settlement: | Attracted diverse European immigrants for trade, farming, and religious tolerance. |
| Middle Colonies: Religion and Society: | Diverse and tolerant, welcoming Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, and Jews. Cities like Philadelphia and New York were major urban centers. |
| Southern Colonies: Climate and Geography: | Warm climate with long, hot summers, and fertile coastal plains. |
| Southern Colonies: Economy: | Almost entirely agricultural, based on large plantations growing cash crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo. |
| Southern Colonies: Reason for Settlement: | Primarily for economic gain and opportunities from cash crops. |
| Southern Colonies: Society: | A hierarchical social structure with a small, wealthy class of landowners and a large population of enslaved and indentured laborers. |
Created by:
esantos4780
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