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Ancient Greece T-1
Mr. B's Social studies Grade 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sparta | a prominent city-state in ancient Greece, situated on the banks of the River Eurotas in Laconia, in south-eastern Peloponnese. |
| Acropolis | means "highest city" in Greek, literally city on the extremity For purposes of defense |
| Trojans | |
| Thermopylae | is a location in Greece where a narrow coastal passage existed located in eastern central Greece on the only land route between Lokris and Thessaly |
| Assassinate | to kill for political reasons |
| Mediterranean Sea | The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: north, Europe, south, North Africa |
| Euclid | a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the "Father of Geometry" |
| Immortals | was the name given by Herodotus to an elite force of soldiers who fought for the Achaemenid Empire |
| Philosopher | somebody who uses reason to understand the world |
| Archimedes | Greek inventor, invented formula for surface area and volume of a sphere |
| Tyrant | ruler who takes power with support from middle and working class not always cruel and violent |
| Pericles | played major role in democracy and Athenian empire |
| Xerxes | |
| Tragedy | Type of serious drama ending in disaster |
| Assimilation | |
| Leonidas | one of the sons of King Anaxandridas II of Sparta, who was believed in mythology to be a descendant of Heracles, possessing much of the latter's strength and bravery. He is notable for his leadership at the Battle of Thermopylae. |
| Sirisa | |
| Demeter | goddess of the harvest, who presided over grains, the fertility of the earth, and the seasons |
| Hera | wife and one of three sisters of Zeus in the Olympian pantheon of classical Greek Mythology. Her chief function was as the goddess of women and marriage |
| Athens | |
| Aegean Sea | an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkan and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey. |
| monarchy | a form of government in which all political power is absolutely or nominally lodged with an individual, known as a monarch ("single ruler"), or king (male), queen (female). |
| Alexander the Great | a Greeki king of Macedon the creator of one of the largest empires in ancient history Born in Pella 356 BC, was tutored by the famed philosopher Aristotle. In 336 BC he succeeded his father Philip II of Macedon to the throne after he was assassinated |
| Barbarian | an uncivilized person |
| Ionian Sea | an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy including Calabria, Sicily and the Salento peninsula to the west |
| Achilles | a Greek hero of the Trojan War, the central character and the greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad. Achilles also has the attributes of being the most handsome of the heroes assembled against Troy |
| Xenophobia | fear of strangers or invaders |
| Oracle at Delphi | |
| Dortic | |
| Parthenon | a temple in the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their protector |
| Aristocrat | |
| Democracy | a land ruled by the people |
| Darius | |
| Marathon | |
| Ampitheater | an open-air venue used for entertainment and performances |
| Proximity | |
| Pythagoras | an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. |
| Erastosthenes | developed latitude and longitude and estimated the circumfrence of the earth |
| Hephaestus | He was the god of technology, blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals, metallurgy, fire and volcanoes |
| Apollo | a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy; medicine, healing, and plague; music, poetry, and the arts; and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis |
| Knossos | also known as Labyrinth, or Knossos Palace, is the largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete and probably the ceremonial and political centre of the Minoan civilization and culture |
| Minoans | a Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete and flourished from approximately the 27th century BC to the 15th century BC |
| Aristocracy | |
| Diffusion | |
| Agamemnon | son of Atreus and Queen Aerope of Mycenae and brother of Meneleaus, he was the commander of the Achaeans in the ensuing Trojan War |
| Aristotle | a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology |
| Corinthian | |
| Adriatic Sea | a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains a northwest-to-southeast arm of the Mediterranean Sea |
| Odyssey | is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is, in part, a sequel to the Iliad, the other work traditionally ascribed to Homer |
| Plague | a spreading disease |
| Philip of Macedonia | king of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III |
| Epic | stories depicting a series of heroic feats |
| Archimedes | a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. he discovered the system of a lever |
| Solon | an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. He is remembered particularly for his efforts to legislate against political, economic and moral decline in archaic Athens. he is credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy |
| Aphrodite | Greek goddess of love, beauty, and sexuality. Historically, her cult in Greece was imported from, or influenced by, the cult of Astarte in Phoenicia |
| Poseidon | the god of the sea, and, as "Earth-Shaker," of earthquakes in Greek mythology |
| Peloponnesus | a large peninsula and region in southern Greece |
| Zeus | "father of gods and men" and god of the sky |
| Tyranny | |
| Hellenistic | the zenith of Greek influence in the ancient world from 323 BC to about 146 BC |
| Crete | the largest and most populous of the Greek islands and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea |
| Trireme | a Hellenistic-era warship that was used by the ancient maritime civilizations of the Mediterranean The trireme derives its name from its three rows of oars on each side, manned with one man per oar |
| Plato | a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the West. Along with his mentor, Socrates, and Aristotle, Plato helped found philos. and sci |
| Ionian | |
| Persia | |
| Peninsula | |
| Blockade | |
| Homer | a poet and philosopher, writer of the Iliad an Odyssey |
| Drama | |
| Hercules | the Roman name for the Greek demigod Heracles, son of Jupiter (the Roman equivalent of Zeus), and the mortal Alcmena |
| Themistocles | an Athenian politician and a general. He was one of a new breed of politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy he fought in the marathon |
| Sophocles | the second of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose work has survived |
| Nike | greek goddess who personifies victory |
| Dionyseus | god of the grape harvest , winemaking and wine, of ritual madness and ecstasy, and was also the driving force behind Greek theater |
| Myceneans | |
| Mt. Olympus | the highest mountain in Greece, located on the border between Thessaly and Macedonia where the gods lived |
| Agora (Agoraphobia) | |
| Tribute | |
| Olympics | |
| Socrates | |
| Troy | |
| Peloponnesian War | |
| City-state | |
| Column | |
| Salamis | |
| Iliad | |
| Hoplite | |
| Hippocrates | |
| Phalanx | |
| Hermes | |
| Artemis | |
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Hannahb123
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