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Conservatism Review
Politics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Human Nature Definition | The essential and innate qualities of humans, including their motivations, behaviours and capacities |
| Human Nature - Agreements | - Pessimistic about human nature - Human nature is fixed but can't be altered by changing economic, political or social conditions - Believe that Capitalism is the only viable economic system because human nature is competitive and self interested |
| Human Nature - Traditional & One-Nation | - Pessimistic - Regard humans as imperfect, irrational, insecure and limited - Firm govt & criminal justice system required - Burke and Oakeshott |
| Human Nature - New Right | - Optimistic (especially Neo-Liberals) - Emphasise the possibilities of capitalism and individual liberty - Atomistic Individualism: humans are independent - Nozick and Rand |
| The State Definition | The sovereign political authority over a territory and its people, exercised through institutions, like government and law |
| The State - Agreements | - See the need for some sort of state - Generally agree that the state should keep people safe, protect property and allow businesses to succeed |
| The State - Traditional & One-Nation | - The need for a paternalistic 'ruling class' - Pragmatic about the size/extent of the state - Prepared to use economic intervention and welfare in defence of traditional social institutions (e.g respect and family) |
| The State - New Right | - Neo-Liberals restrict the state because state intervention stifles initiative and growth - Neo-Conservatives agree in reducing the state's economic role - Call for a strong state (more police powers, tougher sentencing) |
| Society - Agreements | - Society should avoid radical change - Not much further agreement |
| Society - Traditional & One-Nation | - See society as a collection of small communities, overseen by a hierarchical structure - Change to long-standing institutions undermines stability - Hierarchy and authority are key beliefs |
| Society - New Right | - Ambivalent about society's existence (Thatcher: "No such thing as a society") - Atomistic individualism - Sceptical of paternalistic communities, preferring a meritocracy |
| Economy - Agreements | - Favour private enterprise - Believe in some form of capitalism |
| Economy - Traditional & One-Nation | - Sceptical about free market capitalism because it could exacerbate inequality and fuel support for socialism - Sceptical of globalisation, as it erodes national identity - Agree with state intervention |
| Economy - New Right | - State's role in the economy should be reduced (Nozick) - Neo-Liberals call for a free market economy - Low taxation and low govt spending |
Created by:
19thomps
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