Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ceutics review 1
| question | Definition |
|---|---|
| Liberation | Particle size, surface area, solubility, dissolution rate |
| absorption | aq solubility, ionization state, pH lipophilicity directly affects permeability |
| Distribution | lipophilicity, plasma protein binding, membrane permeability increased lipophilicity->greater tissue distribution |
| Metabolism | the higher the lipophilicity->extensive metabolism ionization state |
| Excretion | bile, sweat,milk,urine,lungs urine->hydrophilic + ionized drugs |
| Portition coefficient | non polar environment compared to polar |
| ANDA | abbreviated new animal drug application |
| BLA | biologics lisence application bio->vaccine/protein |
| IND | investigational new drug application submit to FDA before a new drug can be tested in clinical trials |
| USP | united states pharmacobeia identity,strength,quality,purily of meds, food ingredients & dietary supplements |
| FDA | food and drug administration saftey, efficacy, security |
| SNDA | supplemental new drug application FDA submitted before a new formulation |
| In vitro | in lab/petri dish |
| Ex vivo | helacells, in tissues/cells |
| In vivo | in animals/ rats |
| NDA | new drug application must be submitted to FDA before new drug is marketed for human use |
| NAPA | New animal drug application FDA submitted before a new drug is marketed in animals |
| Drug approval process | Discovery->pre-clinical development-> INDA-> clinical-> NDA/BLA->market->p4 clinical |
| phase 1 | saftey + tolerability 20-100 |
| phase 2 | efficacy + optimal dose 100s |
| phase 3 | confirm safely + efficacy establish risk/benefit 100s-thousands |
| PK | pharmacokinetics |
| PD | pharmacodynamics |
| After market | adverse reactions, produce defect, sNDA ex: tab->solution |
| Solutions | ADME |
| Liquids/sometimes solids | higher IMF, lower vp, higher bp, mp, osp, viscosity, s.ten |
| amorphous | weaker |
| crystalline | stronger |
| solids | different polymorphs->different mp stronger IMF-> higher mp |
| solution aq: strong electrolytes | ionize completley in h20 ex: NaCl, HCl, NaOH, KCl |
| solutions aq: weak electrolytes | partially ionize in h20 most drugs/bases ex: HOAc, NH4OH, vinegar |
| Acid solute to solvent? | lower vp, higher bp, lower fp, higher os.p more solute=more osp |
| osmolarity | permeable + nonpermeable |
| Tonicity | nonpermeable |
| hypertonic solution | cell shrinks |
| hypotonic solution | cell swells |
| Boric acid | eye drops not IV injection |
| ionic | NaCl.....Na^s+....Cl^s- Strongest IMF dipole forces |
| ionic dipole | NaCl + h20 forces of attraction between an ionic molecule and a polar molecule with permanent dipoles |
| dipole-dipole | H^s+-Cl^s-... H^s+-Cl^s- polar +permanent dipoles |
| ion induced dipole forces | forces of attraction between an ionic molecule and a non polar molecule |
| dipole-induced dipole | forces of attraction between a polar molecule and a non polar molecule that is polarizable |
| recall 1 | severe adverse health issues, high |
| recall 1 | severe adverse health issues, high |
| recall 2 | temporary/reversible adverse health isssues, moderate |
| recall 2 | temporary/reversible adverse health isssues, moderate |
| recall 3 | no harm of health issues, low |
| induced dipole-induced dipole | weakest IMF |
| hydrogen bond | second strongest ex Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen |
| solutions of nonelectrolytes | no ions present sugars,alcohols |
| polymorph: metastable | unstable polymorph |
| polymorph: stable | stable polymorph |
| induced dipole-induced dipole | weakest IMF |
| polymorph: enantiotropic | reversible |
| polymorph: monotropic | irreversible |
| what happens to the bioavailability of a drug that undergoes an irreversible polymorphic change? | lower bioavailability freely soluble->poorly soluble |
| chemical stability | hydrolysis, oxidation, maillard reaction more in liquid state than solid |
| hydrogen bond | second strongest ex Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen |
| solutions of nonelectrolytes | no ions present sugars,alcohols |
| polymorph: metastable | unstable polymorph |
| polymorph: stable | stable polymorph |
| polymorph: enantiotropic | reversible |
| polymorph: monotropic | irreversible |
| what happens to the bioavailability of a drug that undergoes an irreversible polymorphic change? | lower bioavailability freely soluble->poorly soluble |
| chemical stability | hydrolysis, oxidation, maillard reaction more in liquid state than solid |
| recall 1 | severe adverse health issues, high |
| recall 2 | temporary/reversible adverse health isssues, moderate |
| recall 3 | no harm of health issues, low |
| induced dipole-induced dipole | weakest IMF |
| hydrogen bond | second strongest ex Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen |
| solutions of nonelectrolytes | no ions present sugars,alcohols |
| polymorph: metastable | unstable polymorph |
| polymorph: stable | stable polymorph |
| polymorph: enantiotropic | reversible |
| polymorph: monotropic | irreversible |
| what happens to the bioavailability of a drug that undergoes an irreversible polymorphic change? | lower bioavailability freely soluble->poorly soluble |
| chemical stability | hydrolysis, oxidation, maillard reaction more in liquid state than solid |
Created by:
Acasi23
Popular Standardized Tests sets