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European Expansion 1
European Expansion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the four Native American cultures in Georgia in order from earliest to most advanced? | Paleo → Archaic → Woodland → Mississippian |
| Why were the Mississippians considered the most advanced culture? | They farmed crops; built mounds; and lived in organized chiefdoms with permanent villages |
| Why did the Mississippian way of life make them vulnerable to Europeans? | Their permanent villages and trade networks made disease spread quickly |
| Which sequence shows the correct order of Georgia’s Native cultures? | Paleo → Archaic → Woodland → Mississippian |
| Why did diseases devastate the Mississippians more than earlier groups? | High population density |
| Who was Hernando de Soto? | Spanish explorer who came through Georgia in the 1540s |
| How did de Soto treat Native Americans? | He enslaved them; demanded food; fought battles; and spread disease |
| Why was de Soto’s expedition a turning point for Native Americans in Georgia? | It killed thousands and collapsed Native societies |
| Which describes de Soto’s impact on Natives in Georgia? | He enslaved and spread diseases |
| Why do historians call de Soto’s expedition a turning point? | It killed thousands and weakened societies |
| Where were Spanish missions located in Georgia? | On the barrier islands (St. Simons; Cumberland) |
| What was the purpose of Spanish missions? | To convert Natives to Christianity and control land |
| Why did Spanish missions eventually fail? | Native resistance; English attacks; and disease |
| What impact did Spanish missions leave on Georgia? | They left cultural and religious influence even after collapse |
| Why were Spanish missions built on barrier islands? | To convert Natives to Christan's and control land |
| What were Spain’s three main goals for exploration? | God; Gold; Glory |
| How did Spain’s goals show up in Georgia? | They built missions (God); searched for riches (Gold); and claimed land (Glory) |
| Which Spanish goal had the longest impact on Georgia and why? | Religion → missions spread Catholicism and changed Native culture |
| Why did England want colonies like Georgia? | To support mercantilism with raw materials and land expansion |
| Which nation wanted Georgia for mercantilism? | England |
| Which Spanish goal had the longest impact on Georgia? | God |
| Who founded Georgia and in what year? | James Oglethorpe in 1733 |
| What were the three reasons for founding Georgia? | Charity; Economics; Defense |
| Which founding reason was most successful? | Defense → Georgia served as a buffer against Spanish Florida |
| What was the Charter of 1732? | A legal document granting rules for settlement and trusteeship |
| Why was Georgia’s location important for England? | It served as a buffer colony protecting South Carolina from Spanish Florida |
| Which of Georgia’s founding reasons was most successful? | Defense |
| What was the purpose of Georgia as a buffer colony? | Protect South Carolina from |
| What is mercantilism? | An economic system where colonies exist to enrich the mother country |
| How did mercantilism shape Georgia’s goals? | Georgia was supposed to produce raw materials like silk and indigo for England |
| If Georgia’s silk project had succeeded how might Georgia’s role have changed? | It would have been wealthier and more important to England |
| Compare Spanish missions to the English colony of Georgia. | Both wanted control of land; Spain focused on religion; England on defense and trade |
| Which European nation had the greatest long-term impact on Georgia and why? | England → its colony lasted; shaped government; and became part of the U.S. |
| Which nation had the greatest long-term impact on Georgia? | England |
| How did mercantilism influence Georgia’s economy? | Georgia was supposed to provide raw materials to England |
| What major river forms Georgia’s border with South Carolina? | Savannah River |
| What major river runs through Atlanta and into the Gulf of Mexico? | Chattahoochee River |
| Which two regions of Georgia are divided by the Fall Line? | Piedmont and Coastal Plain |
| Why were Georgia’s barrier islands important to Spain? | They provided a place for missions to convert Natives and served as a protective buffer |
| What effect did European diseases have on Native populations? | They caused massive population decline and weakened Native societies |
| How did Georgia’s creation as a buffer colony protect South Carolina? | It blocked Spanish Florida from threatening English settlements |
| Why did mercantilism encourage England to create colonies? | Colonies provided raw materials and markets to make England richer |
| Compare the goals of Spain and England in Georgia. | Spain focused on spreading religion and controlling Natives; England focused on defense; economics; and settlement |
| How were Spanish missions and Georgia’s founding similar? | Both were meant to control land and people in Georgia |
| Which had a greater long-term impact on Georgia Spanish missions or the English colony? | The English colony because it lasted and shaped culture |
| Explain how Hernando de Soto’s expedition changed the lives of Native Americans in Georgia. | His expedition brought violence; forced labor; and disease that killed thousands and weakened Native societies |
| Why was Georgia’s location considered important by England in the 1700s? | It provided defense as a buffer between Spanish Florida and English South Carolina |
| Evaluate which reason for Georgia’s founding (Charity; Economics; or Defense) was most successful. | Defense because Georgia successfully served as a buffer colony against Spanish Florida |
| What were the four Native American cultures in Georgia in order from earliest to most advanced? | Paleo → Archaic → Woodland → Mississippian |
| Who was Hernando de Soto? | Spanish explorer who came through Georgia in the 1540s |
| Where were Spanish missions located in Georgia? | On the barrier islands (St. Simons; Cumberland) |
| Who founded Georgia and in what year? | James Oglethorpe in 1733 |
| What were Spain’s three main goals for exploration? | God; Gold; Glory |
| Why were the Mississippians considered the most advanced culture? | They farmed crops; built mounds; and lived in organized chiefdoms |
| Why did the Mississippian way of life make them vulnerable to Europeans? | Permanent villages and trade spread diseases quickly |
| Why did Spanish missions eventually fail? | Native resistance; English attacks; and disease |
| Why was Georgia’s location important for England? | It served as a buffer colony protecting South Carolina from Spanish Florida |
| What is mercantilism? | Economic system where colonies exist to enrich the mother country |
| What impact did Spanish missions leave on Georgia? | They left cultural and religious influence even after collapse |
| Why was Defense the most successful reason for Georgia’s founding? | It protected South Carolina from Spanish Florida |
| Which European nation had the greatest long-term impact on Georgia and why? | England because its colony lasted; shaped government; and became the U.S. |
| Use CER: How did Hernando de Soto’s expedition change Native American life? | Natives declined He brought disease and violence; His expedition destroyed Native societies |
| Use CER: Explain why Georgia was called a buffer colony. | Claim: It defended South Carolina; Evidence: Located between English and Spanish territory; Reasoning: Defense worked even though other goals were less successful |
| Which three European countries made the biggest impact in North America? | France |
| What was France primarily interested in? | The fur trade in Canada and the Ohio Valley |
| Who explored Georgia’s coastline in 1562 but chose South Carolina for settlement? | Jean Ribault |
| What were Spain’s 3 main goals for exploration? | God (missions) |
| What did Spanish missions try to do? | Convert Native Americans to Christianity (Catholicism) |
| What is mercantilism? | Economic system where colonies provide raw materials to the mother country |
| What was the first permanent English colony in North America? | Jamestown |
| Who developed tobacco farming as a profitable crop? | John Rolfe |
| Which southern colonies were especially successful at agriculture? | Virginia |
| Who was the first European explorer in Georgia? | Hernando de Soto |
| What was Hernando de Soto’s impact on Native Americans? | Brought diseases that devastated Mississippian culture |
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