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2 be logical
Introductory logic lessons 6-10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| statement | a SENTENCE that IS either true or false |
| self-supporting statement | a statement whose truth value can be determined FROM the statement ITSELF |
| self-report | a statement by a person concerning his or her OWN desires, feelings, or opinions |
| tautology | a statement that is always TRUE by logical STRUCTURE |
| 3 types of SELF-SUPPORTING statements | self-reports, tautologies,& statements that are true by definition |
| 3 types of sentences that do NOT have a truth value and are therefore NOT statements | questions, commands, and nonsense |
| Self-reports often begin with phrases such as | I believe, I think, or I feel. |
| "Jesus is the Son of God, OR He is not the Son of God" is an example of a ____________________. | tautology |
| "Jesus is the Son of God, AND He is not the Son of God" is an example of a ____________________. | self-contradiction |
| supported statement | a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from OUTSIDE itself |
| Supported statements MAY get their information from | authority, experience/observation, or deduction. |
| CONSISTENT statements | are statements that CAN both be TRUE at the same time |
| implication | when the TRUTH of one statement IMPLIES the truth of the other |
| "Some S is P" does ________ imply that "Some S is not P." | NOT |
| Two statements are LOGICALLY equivalent when | the first statement implies the second AND the second statement implies the first. |
| Two statements are INDEPENDENT when | the truth or falsity of ONE has NO effect on the truth or falsity of the other. |
| REAL disagreement | an ACTUAL inconsistency between two statements; they cannot BOTH be true at the same time |
| APPARENT disagreement | a difference of OPINION or perception ("The weather is so gorgeous today!") |
| VERBAL disagreement | a MISUNDERSTANDING due to differing DEFINITIONS for one or more words ("My room is clean.") |