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Reading 5.4
Compromise of 1850
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ostend Manifesto | Leaked secret proposal by diplomats under orders from President Franklin Pierce to try and buy Cuba from Spain, which angered antislavery members of Congress and ultimately failed. |
| Walker Expedition | Failed private attempt to build a proslavery Central American Empire, which included trying to take the Baja Peninsula from Mexico and Nicaragua. |
| Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) | Agreement between the United States and the British that neither nation would attempt to take exclusive control of any future canal route in Central America (revised in 1901). |
| Gadsden Purchase | Purchase of southern sections of present-day New Mexico and Arizona from Mexico organized by President Franklin Pierce in order to build a railroad through the region. |
| Free-Soil Movement | Ideology of many Northern Democrats and Whigs about stopping the spread of slavery to new parts of the country, but leaving slavery intact where it already existed. |
| Free-Soil Party | Political organization founded on the ideology of stopping the spread of slavery to new parts of the country, but leaving slavery intact where it already existed. |
| Lewis Cass | Democratic senator from Michigan who proposed a Congressional compromise of allowing new states to vote on whether or not to allow slavery in a process called popular sovereignty. |
| Popular Sovereignty | Congressional compromise idea of allowing new states to vote on whether or not to allow slavery in a process called popular sovereignty. |
| Zachary Taylor | Famous general of the Mexican-American War and the 12th President of the United States (Whig) who opposed the spread of slavery, but died suddenly in office. |
| Barnburners | Antislavery Democrats whose defection to the Free-Soil Party threatened to severely weaken or destroy the Democratic Party. |
| Henry Clay | Representative from Kentucky that promoted the idea of the American System and was also known as the Great Compromiser due to his efforts to try and keep the country from falling to sectionalism. |
| Compromise of 1850 | Law proposed by Henry Clay that hoped to resolve sectional tension over expanding slavery into new territory from the Mexican Cession, but the compromise proved unsuccessful. |