Term used by Southern authors and orators before the Civil War to indicate the economic dominance of the Southern cotton industry, and that the North needed the South's cotton.

Inventor of the cotton gin, which greatly reduced the time and labor involved in separating cotton from the seeds and resulted in cotton becoming profitable and increased demand for slave labor.

Southern American farmers and typically slave owners who moved farther and farther west to grow cotton because it depleted the soil so quickly.

Term used to describe slavery and often used in association with a defense of slavery by calling it a positive good for the economy and society by “establishing the proper relation between races.”

Area of the lower southern states that was also known as the Cotton Kingdom for its reliance on producing cotton, but was also known for the terrible treatment of slaves in the region.

Laws that strictly regulated the status of slaves and their lack of rights or freedoms, which became more strict and more harshly enforced after several attempted slave rebellions.

Caucasian farmers who could not afford slaves or the best land, who made up a majority of the caucasian population of the South, but still defended slavery in order to maintain their social status.

Derisive term wealthy planters used to describe the poor whites who often lived in the bad farming lands of the hills of the South.

Small number of farmers who lived in the frontier conditions of the Appalachian and Ozark Mountains who typically disliked the wealthy planters and did not want to protect the system of slavery.

Expectation of gentlemanly conduct by the wealthy planters that included a strong sense of personal honor, the defense of womanhood, and paternalistic attitudes towards inferiors, especially slaves.

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Reading 4.13

Society of the South in the Early Republic

Term	Definition
King Cotton	Term used by Southern authors and orators before the Civil War to indicate the economic dominance of the Southern cotton industry, and that the North needed the South's cotton.
Eli Whitney	Inventor of the cotton gin, which greatly reduced the time and labor involved in separating cotton from the seeds and resulted in cotton becoming profitable and increased demand for slave labor.
Planters	Southern American farmers and typically slave owners who moved farther and farther west to grow cotton because it depleted the soil so quickly.
Peculiar Institution	Term used to describe slavery and often used in association with a defense of slavery by calling it a positive good for the economy and society by “establishing the proper relation between races.”
Deep South	Area of the lower southern states that was also known as the Cotton Kingdom for its reliance on producing cotton, but was also known for the terrible treatment of slaves in the region.
Slave Codes	Laws that strictly regulated the status of slaves and their lack of rights or freedoms, which became more strict and more harshly enforced after several attempted slave rebellions.
Poor Whites	Caucasian farmers who could not afford slaves or the best land, who made up a majority of the caucasian population of the South, but still defended slavery in order to maintain their social status.
Hillbillies	Derisive term wealthy planters used to describe the poor whites who often lived in the bad farming lands of the hills of the South.
Mountain People	Small number of farmers who lived in the frontier conditions of the Appalachian and Ozark Mountains who typically disliked the wealthy planters and did not want to protect the system of slavery.
Code of Chivalry	Expectation of gentlemanly conduct by the wealthy planters that included a strong sense of personal honor, the defense of womanhood, and paternalistic attitudes towards inferiors, especially slaves.

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