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Reading 4.6
Market Revolution: Society and Culture
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Urban Life | Lifestyle of the North’s growing population of people living in cities, who were attracted by new industrial employment opportunities, but faced issues such as crowded housing, crime and poor sanitation. |
| Industrial Revolution | Change from an agricultural to an industrial society in the United States that was caused by new inventions, processes and machinery. |
| New Cities | Expanding urban centers at key transportation points in the growing West of the United States such as Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit and St. Louis. |
| Unions | Labor organizations formed in response to industrialization that fought for better pay and working conditions, but encountered obstacles such as cheap immigrant labor and unfriendly government regulations. |
| Commonwealth v. Hunt | Massachusetts Supreme Court Case that established the legal right of unions to negotiate labor contracts with employers that greatly impacted how other states viewed and treated unions. |
| Ten-Hour Workday | Notable achievement of early unions mostly in the North to reduce the number of mandated work hours for employees. |