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Market Revolution: Industrialization

TermDefinition
Market Revolution Radical change in the American economy caused by the Industrial, Transportation and Agricultural Revolutions that resulted in increased trade between producer and consumer and regions.
Old Northwest Territory ceded to the national government from the original 13 states that eventually became the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota.
John Deere Inventor of the steel plow, which greatly increased the efficiency of planting crops and contributed to the Agricultural Revolution.
Cyrus McCormick Inventor of the mechanical reaper, which greatly increased the efficiency of harvesting crops and contributed to the Agricultural Revolution.
Lancaster Turnpike Road built in Pennsylvania in the 1790s that connected Philadelphia to the agricultural western part of the state and sparked the construction of more roads and the Transportation Revolution.
Cumberland Road (National Road) First paved interstate highway that connected Maryland to Illinois and is an example of the federal government supporting internal improvements as part of the American System.
Erie Canal Waterway constructed in New York State in 1825 that linked the economies of western farms and eastern cities, which stimulated economic growth in both regions as part of the Transportation Revolution.
Robert Fulton Developer of the Clermont, the first steamboat to successfully travel up the Hudson River in 1807, which sparked the growth of steam-powered travel as part of the Transportation Revolution.
Steamboats Boats powered by steam engines that made travel down and more importantly upstream faster and cheaper, which increased trade between regions and stimulated economic growth.
Railroads Fast and reliable transportation networks of tracks and locomotives that greatly improved the economic connection between western farmers and eastern cities as part of the Transportation Revolution.
Telegraph Machine invented by Samuel Morse that allowed people to communicate across great distances almost instantaneously through Morse Code and resulted in greater integration of the East and West.
Eli Whitney Inventor of the cotton gin and developer of interchangeable parts, which allowed for the mass production of manufactured goods.
Interchangeable Parts System developed by Eli Whitney of identical components that can be assembled to make a final product that formed the basis for mass production methods in northern factories.
Corporations Companies owned by shareholders that can sell stock to raise large amounts of funds to invest in capital such as factories and machinery.
Samuel Slater British immigrant who smuggled factory designs to the United States and opened the first American textile mill in 1791, which helped spark the Industrial Revolution.
Textile Mills Factories that produce cloth, which made up some of the first factories in the United States and required many workers and were constructed predominantly in the North and near bodies of water.
Lowell Factory System Labor system pioneered by Francis Cabot Lowell that involved recruiting young farm women who were cheaper to hire to work in textile mills and housing them in company dormitories.
Unions Labor organizations formed in response to industrialization that fought for better pay and working conditions, but encountered obstacles such as cheap immigrant labor and unfriendly government regulations.
Cotton Gin Device invented by Eli Whitney, which greatly reduced the time and labor involved in separating cotton from the seeds and resulted in cotton becoming profitable and increased demand for slave labor.
Created by: user-1961066
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