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US Spring Final
Review for 8th Grade SS Spring Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Causes of Urbanization | Immigration, Inventions, Industrialization, and improved transportation systems |
| What did the federalist party believe in? | Loose interpretation of the Constitution and a strong national government |
| How did new inventions impact the economy? | Increased profit and productivity |
| Main Ideas of Washington's Farewell Address | Political parties may divide the nation and remain neutral in foreign affairs |
| Which event in American history doubled the size of the country and promoted Westward Expansion | Louisiana Purchase |
| First African American to serve in the U.S. Senate | Hiram Rhodes Revels |
| What events forced Americans to manufacture their own goods? | Impressment of soldiers and settings blockades on American ports |
| Which Compromise on the road to the Civil War limited the spread of slavery in the Louisiana Territory? | Missouri Compromise of 1820 |
| Established Judicial Review | Marbury v. Madison |
| Greatest impacts of the railroad, telegraph, steam powered engines, and the Erie Canal | Improved transportation and communication across the nation and increased the growth of the American economy |
| Monroe Doctrine | Prevented European colonization and interferences in the Western hemisphere |
| Cotton Gin | Separated cotton from seeds and increased slave labor in the South |
| Characteristic of the Era of Good Feelings | Increased nationalism |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Transportation of goods, money, and people across the continent |
| Lowell Mills | Textile mill where girls worked for wages and education |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | Interstate commerce |
| McCulloch and Maryland | States cannot tax federal entities |
| John Marshall | Supreme Court Justice that resided over cases that stated that the federal government is supreme over the states |
| Telegraph | Innovation that used circuits to communicate quickly across the nation |
| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | Stated that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional |
| Henry David Thoreau | Refused to pay taxes to fund the U.S.-Mexican War because he thought the war was for the purpose of |
| Emancipation Proclamation | War strategy that abolished states in the Confederate States during the Civil War |
| Bleeding Kansas | Mini Civil War over the expansion of slavery |
| Reconstruction Amendments | 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments |
| Westward Expansion | Settlers moving into the frontier in places such as Oregon, Texas, and California |
| Dorothea Dix | Worked to reform mental health and prison institutions |
| Frederick Douglass | Abolitionist and author who wrote about his life as an enslaved person |
| Dred Scott decision | Ruled that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional which led to increased tensions over the issue of slavery |
| Fugitive Slave Act (law) | Required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free stat |
| Temperance Movement | Women and churches worked together to ban alcohol |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Pushed to reform women's rights to vote |
| Abraham Lincoln and Slavery in the West | Did not want slavery to expand in the new territories in the west |
| Compromise of 1850 | Included the Fugitive Slave Ave, California as a free state, and ended the sale of enslaved people in Washington DC |
| Horace Mann | Father of Education because he wanted to give everyone, including the poor, a chance at a equal education and a better life |
| 3 S's of that led to the Civil War | Slavery, Sectionalism, and States' Rights |
| Social Reason Mormons moved West | Religious persecution |
| Forty Niners | "Pulled" West to California due to the Gold Rush |
| Battle of Antietam | Bloodiest single say battle in the Civil War |
| Battle of Vicksburg | Union victory when the North took control of the Mississippi River during the Civil War |
| Most common cause of casualties in the Civil War | Diseases from wounds |
| Abraham Lincolns primary goal of the Civil War | Preserve the Union |
| Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia | Confederate General Lee surrenders to Union General Grant, which ended the Civil War |
| Who established the first political parties? | Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton |
| Abraham Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Address | Spoke about forgiveness and rebuilding the South and the Union |
| Economic Impact of Immigration in the Early 1800's | Increased farming |
| Samuel Slater | Built the first factory in the United States |
| Economic Purpose of the Trail of Tears | Gain land for the agricultural industry |
| Interchangeable Parts | Led to the use of assembly lines in factories |
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