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Full Year
Questions related to the full year
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Branch of Government that carries out the Law; Led by the President Executive Branch 🗑 | |
| Branch of Government that Interprets the Law; Led by the Supreme Court Judicial Branch 🗑 | |
| Branch of Government that makes the Law; Led by the Congress Legislative Branch 🗑 | |
| First U.S. government; it was eventually a failure because it created a national government that was too weak Articles of Confederation (1781-1789) 🗑 | |
| These Included a weak national Government, no ability to raise an army, and the lack of power to tax Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation 🗑 | |
| Gathering in Philadelphia to "fix" the Articles of Confederation Constitutional Convention 🗑 | |
| First 10 Amendments written by James Madison Bill of Rights 🗑 | |
| This safeguards the U.S. government by preventing one branch from having too much power Separation of powers 🗑 | |
| Shared power between state & national governments Federalism 🗑 | |
| Blending of the VA and NJ Plans to determine representation in Congress The Great Compromise 🗑 | |
| Founding Father; Second President John Adams 🗑 | |
| Founding Father; Author of the Declaration; Third President Thomas Jefferson 🗑 | |
| Founding Father; Fifth President; "Era of Good Feelings" James Monroe 🗑 | |
| Revolutionary General; First President George Washington 🗑 | |
| Part of Congress made up of two members from each state (currently 100 total) Senate 🗑 | |
| Territory received from Spain by a treaty Florida (Adams-Onis Treaty) 🗑 | |
| Purchased by the US from France Louisiana Territory 🗑 | |
| Part of Congress made up of with members decided by state population (currently 435 members) The House of Representatives 🗑 | |
| The first permanent English settlement in North America (1607), was an economic venture by the Virginia Company Jamestown Settlement 🗑 | |
| Settled by separatists from the Church of England who wanted to avoid religious persecution Plymouth Colony 🗑 | |
| Founding Father; Wrote the Albany plan of Union; helped gain French support for American independence Benjamin Franklin 🗑 | |
| Patriot who made a daring ride to warn colonists of British arrival Paul Revere 🗑 | |
| Colonists in Massachusetts were shot after taunting British soldiers Boston Massacre 🗑 | |
| The Sons of Liberty protested taxes with this night raid in Boston Boston Tea Party 🗑 | |
| The first armed conflicts of the Revolutionary War Battles at Lexington and Concord 🗑 | |
| This American victory was a turning point in the war Battle of Saratoga 🗑 | |
| Colonial victory over forces of Lord Cornwallis that marked the end of the Revolutionary War Surrender at Yorktown 🗑 | |
| People in each state would decide the slavery issue (“popular sovereignty”) Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) 🗑 | |
| Missouri entered the Union as a slave state; Maine entered the Union as a free state Missouri Compromise (1820) 🗑 | |
| Opposed the spread of slavery and Issued the Emancipation Proclamation Abraham Lincoln 🗑 | |
| General of the Union army; 18th President Ulysses S. Grant 🗑 | |
| Leader of the Army of Northern Virginia Robert E. Lee 🗑 | |
| Made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the Civil war The Emancipation Proclamation 🗑 | |
| The turning point of the war; the North repelled Lee’s invasion The Battle of Gettysburg 🗑 | |
| Provide a written guarantee of individual rights (e.g., freedom of speech, freedom of religion). The Bill of Rights 🗑 | |
| A warning to European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere Monroe Doctrine 🗑 | |
| Most individuals settling in Virginia were seeking... Economic opportunities 🗑 | |
| Which colony did the Virginia Company of London establish in 1607? Jamestown 🗑 | |
| The primary pull factors for European colonization in North America Religious freedom and economic opportunities 🗑 | |
| The main source of conflict between American Indians and English settlers Land 🗑 | |
| The New England colonies are present day... Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island 🗑 | |
| The Middle colonies are present day... Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania 🗑 | |
| The Southern colonies are present day... Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia 🗑 | |
| Products & commerce of this region include lumber, shipbuilding, trade, molasses, fur trade, fishing, and subsistence farming New England 🗑 | |
| Products & commerce of this region include shipbuilding, small-scale farming, and trade Middle 🗑 | |
| Products & commerce of this region include cash-crops, indigo, rice, tobacco, and plantations Southern 🗑 | |
| New England's reason for settlement was... Religious freedom 🗑 | |
| Middle Atlantic's reason for settlement was... Economic opportunity and religious freedom 🗑 | |
| The Southern region's reason for settlement was... Economic opportunity and business venture (Virginia Company of London) 🗑 | |
| Why was slavery most predominant in the Southern colonies? Large-scale agriculture required extensive labor 🗑 | |
| In an attempt to prevent conflict between the colonists and the Indians, Britain this act to prohibit settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains The Proclamation of 1763 🗑 | |
| This group remained loyal to Britain and agreed with taxation as a means of paying for Britain protecting settlers from Indian or French attacks Loyalists 🗑 | |
| The contribution of which country’s army and navy helped the colonists win the American Revolution? France 🗑 | |
| "self-evident" truths of the Declaration of Independence Equality, Unalienable Rights 🗑 | |
| According to John Locke, if a government failed to fulfill its social contract, citizens could... Alter or abolish (overthrow) the government and replace it with a new one 🗑 | |
| The "Father of the Constitution"; fourth President; led the U.S. into the War of 1812 James Madison 🗑 | |
| California would enter as a free state. Slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico territories. Compromise of 1850 🗑 | |
| This allows the Branches of the U.S. Government to watch over each other Checks and Balances 🗑 | |
| Period from 1865-1878 that saw the re-admittance of Confederate States into the Union, but failed to rid the South of racist policies Reconstruction 🗑 | |
| Document signed by Pilgrims that agreed to create a new government and follow its laws; helped establish the idea of self-government Mayflower Compact (1620) 🗑 | |
| Written by Thomas Jefferson; announced the separation of the colonies from England Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776) 🗑 | |
| Blueprint for the American government; replaced the Articles of Confederation Constitution (1787) 🗑 | |
| Famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln; it said that the Union was fighting to preserve Liberty and Equality Gettysburg Address (1863) 🗑 | |
| Movement to end slavery Abolition 🗑 | |
| The process of changing the Constitution Amend 🗑 | |
| 1815 plan to make U.S. economically self-sufficient American System 🗑 | |
| People who opposed ratification of the Constitution Anti-Federalist 🗑 | |
| Distribution of power between the 3 branches of government Balance of power 🗑 | |
| Ended the South’s hopes of winning a battle in the North Battle of Gettysburg (1863) 🗑 | |
| Conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery people Bleeding Kansas 🗑 | |
| Refusal to buy certain goods Boycott 🗑 | |
| Migration of people to the area after gold was discovered California Gold Rush 🗑 | |
| Crops grown to be sold rather than used by the farmer Cash Crop 🗑 | |
| Contract given to someone to establish a colony Charter 🗑 | |
| Suthern states who seceded Confederacy 🗑 | |
| Political party formed by Jefferson and Madison Democratic-Republicans 🗑 | |
| Ideas that states had the right to reject any law passed Congress Doctrine of nullification 🗑 | |
| Everyone is entitled to be treated equally by law Due process of law 🗑 | |
| A group of voters chosen be each state to elect the President Electoral college 🗑 | |
| Ban on trade; prevents ships from entering or leaving ports Embargo 🗑 | |
| Federal agency set up to help former slaves in the south Freedman’s Bureau 🗑 | |
| War between France and England for control of North America French and Indian War (1754-1763) 🗑 | |
| Agreement reached during the constitutional convention that created the American system of government Great Compromise 🗑 | |
| Someone who agreed to work for an employer in exchange for passage to the New World Indentured servant 🗑 | |
| Andrew Jacksons belief that as many people as possible should be able to vote Jacksonian Democracy 🗑 | |
| The idea that the Supreme Court has the right to check all laws made by Congress Judicial Review 🗑 | |
| Everyone, even elected officials, must obey the laws Limited Government 🗑 | |
| Idea that Americans had a right to all of the land between the east and west coasts Manifest Destiny 🗑 | |
| Idea American culture is a blend of many different cultures Melting Pot 🗑 | |
| Economic system in which England controlled the trade of the countries Mercantilism 🗑 | |
| Journey of captured Africans to the New World to be sold as slaves Middle passage 🗑 | |
| Armed civilians who are supposed to defend their communities Militia 🗑 | |
| To not become allies with any country Neutral 🗑 | |
| Someone who supported the American Revolution Patriot 🗑 | |
| Large farm that raises cash crops Plantation 🗑 | |
| Wanted to use the federal government to impose a new order on the South and wanted to grant citizenship rights to former slaves Radical Republicans 🗑 | |
| The process of approving the Constitution Ratification 🗑 | |
| Process of re-admitting southern states into the Union and giving rights to freed slaves Reconstruction 🗑 | |
| System of government in which officials are elected to serve the interests of the voters Representative Government 🗑 | |
| The idea of a limited, representative government based on the consent of the governed Republicanism 🗑 | |
| Withdrawal of southern states from the Union Secession 🗑 | |
| Tension between North and South as each region placed their own interests above those of the country as a whole Sectionalism 🗑 | |
| 1848 women’s rights meeting Seneca Falls Convention 🗑 | |
| Uprising of farmers in response to the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Shays’ Rebellion (1787) 🗑 | |
| A person owned by another person in order to control their labor Slavery 🗑 | |
| Idea that the power of the states should not be trampled on by the national government States’ Rights 🗑 | |
| The right to vote Suffrage 🗑 | |
| A tax on imports Tariff 🗑 | |
| 1828 tax that made Southerners angry and led to the Nullification Crisis Tariff of Abominations 🗑 | |
| Group that thought that drinking alcohol was wrong Temperance Movement 🗑 | |
| Agreement at the constitutional convention for counting slaves towards representation Three-Fifths Compromise 🗑 | |
| Enforced journey of Native Americans from their lands in the east to the west Trail of Tears (1838-1839) 🗑 | |
| System of trade in which goods were exchanged between Europe, Africa, and the New World colonies Triangular Trade Route 🗑 | |
| Right that the government cannot take away Unalienable 🗑 | |
| Law that is forbidden by the Constitution Unconstitutional 🗑 | |
| Series of escape routes for run away slaves Underground Railroad 🗑 | |
| Growth of cities Urbanization 🗑 | |
| First representative government in the colonies (Virginia) House of Burgesses (1619) 🗑 | |
| The people have the power to participate in and direct their government Popular Sovereignty 🗑 | |
| He was a leading voice in American politics from 1810-1850, drafting the several compromises Henry Clay 🗑 | |
| Republican President elected in 1920 who promised a "return to normalcy" Warren G Harding 🗑 | |
| Became President in 1924; oversaw the economic boom of the 1920s Calvin Coolidge 🗑 | |
| An economic and political system in which the state owns the means of production and a single party rules Communism 🗑 | |
| 2 Italian immigrants charged with robbing and murdering 2 payroll employees in Manhattan; Became the face of the "Red Scare" Sacco and Vanzetti 🗑 | |
| A total ban on alcoholic drinks Prohibition 🗑 | |
| Liquor smugglers made huge profits from importing illegal alcohol Bootleggers 🗑 | |
| Illegal bars and clubs that served alcohol Speakeasies 🗑 | |
| Young women in 1920s with bright make up, short skirts and short bob cut hair Flappers 🗑 | |
| White supremacists who terrorized Blacks in the US Ku Klux Klan 🗑 | |
| Trying to keep from being attacked by having more weapons Arms Race 🗑 | |
| Using fear and violence as a way to demand changes Terrorism 🗑 | |
| The relationship that developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in the period of time following WWII Cold War 🗑 | |
| To set apart from the rest; to isolate based on racial, gender or religious lines Segregate / Segregation 🗑 | |
| 25th president; declared war on Spain in 1898 William McKinley 🗑 | |
| Fought in the Spanish American war as the leader of the Rough Riders; 26th president of the U.S Theodore Roosevelt 🗑 | |
| Battleship sent to Cuba to protect American citizens and property; exploded in Havana Harbort USS Maine 🗑 | |
| The main island on which most fighting in the Spanish American War took place Cuba 🗑 | |
| An intense effort to spread a certain set of ideas, beliefs, or doctrines that will help one's own cause Propaganda 🗑 | |
| Cavalry that fought in the Battle for Santiago ( San Juan Hill) led by Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders 🗑 | |
| Sensational style of reporting used by some newspapers to make a bigger profit (Pultizer and Hearts) in the late 1800s Yellow Journalism 🗑 | |
| Allied military commander in WW2 Dwight Eisenhower 🗑 | |
| Imaginary female person that represented all women who went to work in the factories during WW2 Rosie the Riveter 🗑 | |
| Message sent to Mexico by Germany trying to get them to join them in WW1 Zimmerman Telegram 🗑 | |
| Economic disaster in the US and worldwide from 1929-1940 Great Depression 🗑 | |
| Franklin Roosevelt's economic plan in the 1930s The New Deal 🗑 | |
| U.S. reason for entering WW2 Pearl Harbor 🗑 | |
| This Ocean Liner was torpedoed by German U-Boats in 1915 Lusitania 🗑 | |
| Laws passed to make sure that England controlled American trade according to the idea of mercantilism Navigation Acts 🗑 | |
| Fees placed on sugar imported into the colonies Sugar Act 🗑 | |
| Required colonist to feed and shelter British troops Quartering Act 🗑 | |
| All official documents had to carry an official seal Stamp Act 🗑 | |
| Four laws that charged new fees on goods imported into the colonies Townshend Acts 🗑 | |
| Charged a fee on all tea imported into the colonies Tea Act 🗑 | |
| Four laws passed to punish colonist for the Boston Tea Party including closing of the port of Boston Intolerable Acts 🗑 | |
| The name for journalists who exposed poor living and working conditions in the United States Muckrakers 🗑 | |
| The Triangle Shitrtwaist Factory Fire revealed the need for what type of reforms? Workplace 🗑 | |
| Breaker Boys and Matchstick Girls revealed the need for reform for who? Children / Child Labor 🗑 | |
| The Virginian House of Burgesses (1619) was the first type of what style of government in the colonies? Representative 🗑 | |
| 11th President; responsible for most of the land gained from 1845-1849 James K. Polk 🗑 | |
| The years 1890-1920 saw a movement to reform the problems in US society. This was known as the... Progressive Era 🗑 | |
| These laws restricted the rights of African Americans in the South after the Civil War Jim Crow 🗑 | |
| What was the name of Upton Sinclair's book exposing the poor conditions in the meat packing industry The Jungle 🗑 | |
| Plessy v. Ferguson made segregation legal as long as facilities and resources were... Separate but Equal 🗑 | |
| Territories acquired from Mexico (Mexican-American War) between 1845-1849 Texas, California, New Mexico, Arizona 🗑 | |
| Northwest territory gained in a treaty with Great Britain Oregon 🗑 | |
| France sold land to the U.S. for 15 million dollars, doubling the size of the nation. The Louisiana Purchase 🗑 | |
| A key cause of the War of 1812; British captured American sailors and forced them into service Impressment 🗑 | |
| Pro-war members of Congress who pushed for the War of 1812 War Hawks 🗑 | |
| A key cause of the War of 1812; the U.S. accused the British of giving weapons to what group? Native Americans on the frontier 🗑 | |
| Andrew Jackson gained fame in this final battle of the War of 1812 New Orleans 🗑 | |
| Some important results of the War of 1812 Westward Expansion; the American System 🗑 | |
| Major setback for the U.S. in the War of 1812 Burning of Washington D.C. 🗑 | |
| At Fort McHenry, Francis Scott Key wrote what song? The Star Spangled Banner 🗑 | |
| Radical group that used terrorist tactics, boycotts, effigies to protest British taxes The Sons of Liberty 🗑 | |
| Six major terms used in this course for people participating in government Popular Sovereignty, Consent of the Governed; Social Contract; Compact; Self-Determination; Civil Body Politic 🗑 | |
| Amendment abolishing slavery 13th 🗑 | |
| Amendment granting citizenship to former slaves 14th 🗑 | |
| Amendment granting all citizens "due process" 14th 🗑 | |
| Amendment granting voting rights to Black men 15th 🗑 | |
| Amendment granting voting rights to women 19th 🗑 | |
| Supreme Court Case that upheld slaves as property Dred Scott 🗑 | |
| The original 13 British Colonies New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island (New England), New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware (Middle) Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia (South) 🗑 | |
| The original New England Colonies ("nice mice chew rice") New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island 🗑 | |
| The original Middle Colonies ("new pennies, new dimes" New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware 🗑 | |
| The original Southern Colonies ("my van needs some gas"- the "five sisters") Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia 🗑 | |
| Why should we be careful about judging historical figures unfairly? They were people of the times they lived in and cannot be expected to have lived according to the standards of our time 🗑 | |
| Original reason for slavery in the colonies economic need 🗑 | |
| Jamestown leader who said, "You don't work, you don't eat" John Smith 🗑 | |
| Powhatan girl who saved John Smith's life; married John Rolfe Pocahontas 🗑 | |
| Jamestown leader who saved the colony with tobacco; married Pocahontas John Rolfe 🗑 | |
| Chateau Thierry; Belleau Wood; Meuse-Argonne campaign Major U.S. Battles in WWI 🗑 | |
| Ceasefire that ended WWI Armistace 🗑 | |
| Treaty that ended WWI but was unfair to Germany Treaty of Versailles 🗑 | |
| Woodrow Wilson's plan for the post WWI world The Fourteen Points 🗑 | |
| Organization Woodrow Wilson hoped would end wars; U.S. did not join The League of Nations 🗑 | |
| Franklin Roosevelt's plans to help the Allies with materials and money Cash and Carry; Lend-Lease 🗑 | |
| Roosevelt's speech that outlined his desire for American values for all people "Four Freedoms" 🗑 | |
| What event helped lift the U.S. out of the Great Depression? World War 2 🗑 | |
| Organization established after WWII to protect peace in the world The United Nations 🗑 | |
| 35th President; Youngest to be elected; guided U.S. through the Cuban Missile Crisis; assassinated in 1963 John F. Kennedy 🗑 | |
| 36th President; oversaw massive U.S. involvement in Vietnam Lyndon B. Johnson 🗑 | |
| 37th President; Only president to resign (due to the Watergate scandal) Richard M. Nixon 🗑 | |
| "Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes!" Battle of Bunker Hill 🗑 | |
| The part of the US Constitution that begins: "We the People" The Preamble 🗑 | |
| Conflict between United Nations forces and Chinese supported Communist troops from 1950-1953 The Korean War 🗑 | |
| 34th President; former supreme commander in WW2 Dwight D. Eisenhower 🗑 | |
| 33rd President; responsible for ordering the use of the Atomic Bomb at the end of WW2 Harry S. Truman 🗑 | |
| President who warned against political parties and involvement with European problems George Washington 🗑 | |
| Led a violent slave rebellion in the 1830s Nat Turner 🗑 | |
| A violent White Abolitionist who was part of "Bleeding Kansas" and led a raid in Virginia John Brown 🗑 | |
| 18th President; committed to Reconstruction and equal rights for Blacks in the South Ulysses S. Grant 🗑 | |
| 17th President; opposed equal rights for Blacks; first president to face impeachment Andrew Johnson 🗑 | |
| 7th President; notable for the "spoils system", expanding democracy and and opposing "nullification" Andrew Jackson 🗑 | |
| Name for the era that saw wealthy businessmen in control of the government The Gilded Age 🗑 | |
| Businessmen who gained massive wealth at the expense of workers Robber Barons 🗑 | |
| 26th President; Three C' of progressive reforms: Corporations-Consumers-Conservation Theodore Roosevelt 🗑 | |
| Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois had different perspectives on reforms for which group? Black Americans 🗑 | |
| Center of Cuban resistance in Florida; cigar manufacturing Ybor City 🗑 | |
| What year did the U.S. join WWI? 1917 🗑 | |
| What year did the U.S. join WWII? 1941 🗑 | |
| Turinng point of WWII; Invasion of France at Normandy D-Day 🗑 | |
| What did the Treaty of Versailles make Germany do? Take blame for WWI, give up land and territories, limit military (armed forces), and pay reparations 🗑 | |
| What was the direct cause of WWII? Germany's invasion of Poland 🗑 | |
| Who was dictator of Germany during WWII? Adolf Hitler 🗑 | |
| Who was the Italian dictator during WWII? Benito Mussolini 🗑 | |
| Who was the military dictator of Japan during WWII? Hideki Tojo 🗑 | |
| Germany, Italy, and Japan were known as the... Axis Powers 🗑 | |
| England, France, Soviet Union, and later the United States were known as the... Allied Powers/Allies 🗑 | |
| Who was the President of the United States during WWII? Franklin D. Roosevelt 🗑 | |
| Who was the dictator of the Soviet Union during WWII? Joseph Stalin 🗑 | |
| Why did the United States enter WWII? U.S. entered WWII whenJapan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7,1941 🗑 | |
| Who were the primary victims of the Holocaust? Jews 🗑 | |
| Hatred of Jews is known as... Anti-Semitism 🗑 | |
| Blitzkrieg means ... "lightning war" 🗑 | |
| Characterized by extreme nationalism, imperialism, racism, and suppression on opposition through terror and censorship; ruled by a dictator Fascism 🗑 | |
| Giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace Appeasement 🗑 | |
| What cities were destroyed by the Atomic Bomb? Hiroshima & Nagasaki 🗑 | |
| Operation Torch, Husky, Avalanche, Overlord, D-Day, The Bulge Major U.S. Operations/Battles in WWII in Europe 🗑 | |
| Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa Major U.S. Battles in WWII in the Pacific 🗑 | |
| Conflict between the U.S. and Communists in Southeast Asia from 1955-1975 The Vietnam War 🗑 | |
| Winston Churchill used this term for the Communist takeover of Eastern Europe after WWII The "Iron Curtain" 🗑 | |
| The Communists blockaded (1848-1949) and then divided this city with a wall (1961-1989) Berlin 🗑 | |
| In 1961 the USSR sent missiles to this nation, creating a crisis that almost led to war with the U.S. Cuba 🗑 | |
| U.S. Pacific Strategy in WW2 Island Hopping 🗑 | |
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