Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Emergence of the Ame
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Josiah Strong | a popular American minister in the late 1800s who linked Anglo-Saxonism to Christian missionary ideas |
| Manifest Destiny | A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific. |
| Platt Amendment | Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble |
| self-determination | The ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will |
| Alfred T. Mahan | Admiral of the U.S. Navy who urged government officials to build up American naval power in order to compete with other powerful nations |
| imperialism | A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically. |
| Roosevelt | 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force |
| Corollary | a proposition that follows from one already proven; a natural consequence or result; (adj.) resultant or consequent |
| White Man's Burden | A poem by British poet Rudyard Kipling commenting on American imperialism. It created a phrase used by imperialists to justify the imperialistic actions the U.S. took. |
| William Seward | Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price. |
| gunboat diplomacy | diplomacy in which the nations threaten to use force in order to obtain their objectives |
| Dollar Diplomacy | Foreign policy of Taft that had the U.S. exchanging financial support ($) for the right to "help" countries make decisions about trade and other commercial ventures, exchanging money for political influence in Latin America and the Caribbean. |
| diplomacy | Negotiation between nations |
| Woodrow Wilson | known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, FTC, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage , Treaty of Versailles, 14 Points League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize |
| William McKinley | 1897-1901, Republican, supported gold standard, protective tariff, and Hawaiian Islands, against William Bryan (The Great Commoner), assassinated |
| Big Stick Policy | Roosevelt's philosophy - In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen |
| Rough Riders | Volunteer regiment of US Cavalry led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish American War |
| Theodore Roosevelt | 1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. |
| Boxer Rebellion | 1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops. |
| de Lomé Letter | Spanish Ambassador's letter that was illegally removed from the U.S. Mail and published by American newspapers. It criticized President McKinley in insulting terms. Used by war hawks as a pretext for war in 1898. |
| U.S.S. Maine | "start" of the Span-Amer war; exploded off the coast of cuba and it was blamed on spanish torpedoes; heightened by yellow journalists |
| William H. Taft | "trustbuster" (busted twice as many as Roosevelt), conservation and irrigation efforts, Postal Savings Bank System, Payne-Aldrich Tariff (reduction of tariff, caused Republican split) |
| Jose Martí | led the fight for Cuba's independence from Spain from 1895 through the Spanish-American War |
| Spanish-American War | 1898 - America wanted Spain to peacefully resolve the Cuaban's fight for independence - the start of the war was due in large part to yellow journalism |
| Treaty of Paris, 1898 | (WMc) , The treaty that concluded the Spanish American War, . From the treaty America got Guam, Puerto Rico and they paid 20 million dollars for the Philipines. Cuba was freed from Spain. |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | Filipino General - helped US take Philipines during Spanish-American war - helped Philippines gain freedom from US |
| yellow journalism | Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers |
| Teller Amendment | Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war |
| Foraker Amendment | established a civil gpvernment for Puerto Rico. Did not give Puerto Ricans American citizenship or full local self-government, and placed a tariff on products imported into the United States |
| Joseph Pulitzer | United States newspaper publisher (born in Hungary) who established the Pulitzer prizes (1847-1911) |
| reconcentracion | policy of herding civilian population into fortified towns like concentration camps |
| John Hay | Secretary of State under McKinley and Roosevelt who pioneered the open-door policy and Panama canal |
| Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty | 1903 - U.S. guaranteed the independence of the newly-created Republic of Panama. |
| William R. Hearst | newspaper publisher whose yellow journalism style helped create public pressure for Spanish-American War |
| protectorate | A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power |
| Panama Canal | (TR) , The United States built the Panama Canal to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic . It cost $400,b to build. Columbians would not let Americans build the canal, TR intervened, Panamanian Revolution occurred. |
| "Gentleman's Agreement" | an informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan whereby the U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration or students, and Japan would not allow further immigration to the U.S. |
| Adm. George Dewey | —as soon as war was declared, he ordered his Asiatic battle squadron from China to the Philippines, May 1 began shelling the Spanish ships in Manila Bay victory was had quickly. |
| hegemony | the domination of one state or group over its allies |
| colony | A settlement ruled by another country. |
| sphere of influence | A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities. |
| Turner's Thesis | argued that the American character was shaped by the existence of the frontier and the way Americans interacted and developed the frontier, he felt that the frontier encouraged individualism and democracy |
| Frontiers | The edge of settlement and civilization; one of the main themes of US history |
| Colonialism | Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory. |
| Protectionists (Protectionism) | people who want to protect domestic producers against foreign competition with tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers |
| Pan-American | of or pertaining to all the countries of North, South, and Central America |
| Venezuelan Boundary Dispute | Dispute between the U.S. and Britain involving the point at which the Venezuela / Columbia border was drawn. Britain eventually won the dispute. Monroe Doctrine applied successfully |
| Territories acquired by the U.S. after the Spanish-American War | Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico |
| Annexation | The adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit. (Example: Hawaii) |
| Open Door Policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. |
| Root-Takahira Agreement | 1908 - Japan / U.S. agreement in which both nations agreed to respect each other's territories in the Pacific and to uphold the Open Door policy in China. |
| Filipinization | the gradual transfer of American governmental responsibilities to Filipinos |
| Progressive Imperialism | McDougall argues US imperialism was motivated by a desire to improve the lives of non-Americans |
| Pancho Villa | This military leader dominated Northern Mexico during the Mexican Revolution between 1910 and 1915. Allied with Zapata. He was eventually defeated though before the revolution ended in 1920. |
| US interests in Mexico | Mining and Oil |
| US interests in Cuba | Sugar Cane |
| US interests in Hawaii | Hawaii was important to trading with Asia and was home to American sugar plantations (3/4 of all wealth). Pearl Harbor was in Hawaii providing a refueling station. |
| US interests in Guatemala | United Fruit Company, bananas |
| US interests in Nicaragua | Prevent Japan from negotiating rights to build canal there, control of banking and 51% of railroads |
| US interests in Panama | To build a canal, which would make it easier for the navy to move ships and for US to control transoceanic trade |
| Liberty Loans | Bonds sold by the Treasury Department largely through propaganda campaigns, used to raise two thirds of the cost of WW1 |
| Zimmerman Telegram | A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S. |
| Irreconcilables/Reservationists | Senators who voted against the League of Nations with or without reservations |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | A policy that the Germans announced on January 1917 which stated that their submarines would sink any ship in the British waters |
| 14 Points Speech | Wilson's goals:no secret alliances, freedom of the seas, free trade, Adjustment of colonial claims , borders restored to pre-war, league of nations, reduction of arms, "Self-determination," or independence for groups who'd choose their government |
| Self-determination | The ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will |
| League of Nations | an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations |
| U-boat | a German submarine that was the first submarine employed in warfare, initially used during WW1 |
| War Industries Board | Agency established during WWI to increase efficiency & discourage waste in war-related industries. |
| Bernard Baruch | He headed the War Industries Board which placed the control of industries into the hands of the federal government. It was a prime example of War Socialism. |
| Committee on Public Information (CPI) | government agency created during World War I to encourage Americans to support the war |
| Prohibition | the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment |
| Espionage Act and Sedition Act | fines and imprisonment for aiding the enemy or hindering U.S. military; forbade any form of criticism of the government and military |
| Reparations | As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany. |
| Knox-Porter Resolution (1921) | US technically still at war because Treaty of Versailles not ratified, so joint resolution passed to end war |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) | "Pact of Paris" or "Treaty for the Renunciation of War," it made war illegal as a tool of national policy, allowing only defensive war. The Treaty was generally believed to be useless. |
| Dominion of Canada | Unified Canadian government created by Britain to bolster Canadians against potential attacks or overtures from the United States. |
| Wilfred Laurier | lawyer, journalist, politician, prime minister of Canada (b at St-Lin, Canada E 20 Nov 1841; d at Ottawa 17 Feb 1919). As leader of the LIBERAL PARTY 1887-1919 and prime minister 1896-1911, Laurier was the dominant political figure of his era. |
| Reciprocity | the exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties |
| Imperial High Command | Those controlling British military strategy, their incompetence wounded many Candida Soldiers |
| Canadian Corps | Canadian troops in the First World War |
| Vimy Ridge battle (1917) | Canada's most celebrated military victory — birth of Canadian national pride and awareness. The four divisions of the Canadian Corps, fighting together for the first time. It was the largest territorial advance of any Allied force to that point in the war |
| First Nations People | one of the indigenous peoples of Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis |
| Conscription | compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces. |
| Regulation 17 | In Ontario, a provincial program to reduce the availability of French language education; introduced shortly before the Great War; contributed to tensions between Francophone Quebec and Anglophone Ontario and the federal government. |
| Unionist Party | Coalition party of Conservatives and some Liberals formed as a result of the 1917 federal election |
| Wartime Elections Act | an Act that gave the vote to Canadian women related to servicemen, but cancelled the vote for conscientious objectors and immigrants from enemy countries |
| Imperial Munitions Board | A national agency, set up in Canada under the chairmanship of Joseph Flavelle by the British War Cabinet to alleviate the Shell Crisis of 1915 during the First World War |
| Ross Rifle | A very inefficient rifle used by Canadian soldiers during the first two years of the First World War. frequently jammed in the mud of northern France. In 1916, it was replaced by the more durable Lee Enfield rifle. |
| Prairie Economy | Production and sale of agricultural produce, e.g. wheat, from the vast prairies or lands of western Canada |
| Internment | the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons. |
| Demobilization | Is the process of standing down a nation's armed forces from combat-ready status. This may be as a result of victory in war, or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and military force will not be necessary. |
| Re-integration | the act of being "brought back" into society in new roles |
| Maritime Rights Movement | A political movement in the 1920s that sought better terms for the Maritime provinces within Canada |
| Quebec | French-speaking province of Canada, during WW1 and 2 objected to conscription sparking political unrest |
| Chanak Crisis | the Canadian government's refusal in 1922, lead by King, to support British troops in defending the Turkish port of Chanak; the first time the Canadian government did not support the British military |
| Treaty of Westminster | Statute establishing legislative independence for British dominions such as Canada |
| Canadian Expeditionary Force | group of Canadian military units formed for service overseas in the First World War. As the units arrived in France they were formed into the divisions of the Canadian Corps within the British Army. Four divisions ultimately served on the front line. |
Created by:
moonpool13
Popular U.S. History sets